Abstract:
Steel is one of the most environment friendly products, though steel making is not. It is, however, controlled by three forces (the driving force: technology progress; the pulling force: the economic growth and the limiting forces: the energy, environment and natural resources). The rapid growth of the world steel production has though emanated from the dramatic growth of iron making capacity. Some countries have abundant steel scrap storage, where iron to steel ratio is the lowest of the two main routes of steel making (0.70-0.65), which entails much lower carbon emissions than conventional steelmaking process involving blast furnace for iron making and basic oxygen furnace for steelmaking. Electric furnace steel making comprises multi-metallic smelting reactor and meets its metallic and energy needs primarily with scrap and electrical energy, respectively. While the lowest carbon emissions result from the use of 100 percent scrap steel in an EAF, there is a limit to the amount of scrap that can be collected and used. The paper discusses the limit to the amount of scrap that can be used and the use of duelling iron metallic viz., direct reduced iron, hot metal, hot briquetted iron in its input charge mix. The paper presents some of the essential features of energy dynamics involving metallurgical and environmental aspects of smelting of dueling iron metallic in electric furnace steelmaking with and without post combustion of reaction gases. It intends to ameliorate electrical energy dynamics of electric furnace steelmaking and its dependence on various duelling iron metallic characteristics with and without post combustion.
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