2016-Sustainable Industrial Processing Summit
SIPS 2016 Volume 10: Battery, Recycling, Environmental, Mining
| Editors: | Kongoli F, Kumar V, Aifantis K, Pagnanelli F |
| Publisher: | Flogen Star OUTREACH |
| Publication Year: | 2016 |
| Pages: | 220 pages |
| ISBN: | 978-1-987820-54-6 |
| ISSN: | 2291-1227 (Metals and Materials Processing in a Clean Environment Series) |
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Rational Design of Electrode Scaffolds and Diffusion Barriers for Lithium-Sulfur Batteries
Kai Xi1; Vasant Kumar1; Teng Zhao1;1UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE, Cambridge, United Kingdom (Great Britain);
Type of Paper: Regular
Id Paper: 488
Topic: 14
Abstract:
A lithium-sulfur (Li-S) battery has a high theoretical capacity of 1675 mAh g-1 of elemental sulfur and a high nominal energy density of 2600 Wh kg-1 of cell weight. But it is plagued with problems of low active material utilization, poor cycle life and low rate performance, which arising from highly insulating nature of sulfur, the high solubility/diffusivity of lithium polysulfides in the organic electrolyte and volumetric expansion of sulfur during lithiation.
In response to such challenges, it is important to maintain the electrical conductivity network providing envelope for lithium sulfide reduction and oxidation within a liquid solvent electrolyte without loss of fluidity, while minimising shuttling away of sulfur and avoiding or controlling the deposition of insoluble sulfides which can block the conducting paths. Herein, the design and preparation of a series of unique carbon materials, based on metal organic framework (MOF)-derived hierarchical porous carbon, graphene-wrapped microporous carbon composite, few-layer graphene foam and carbon nanotube forest, have been demonstrated for sulfur loading to fabricate cathode scaffolds for Li-S batteries. In addition, chemical adsorption, which is a stronger interaction than physical adsorption, can be used to restrict the dissolution of polysulfides from sulfur cathodes. Therefore, nitrogen, sulfur-codoped (N,S-codoped) sponge-like graphene and B2O3/carbon microtube composite are used as electroactive interlayer for Li-S batteries to control the diffusion of polysulfides.
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