9TH INTL. SYMP. ON ENVIRONMENTAL, POLICY, MANAGEMENT , HEALTH, ECONOMIC , FINANCIAL, SOCIAL ISSUES RELATED TO TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENTIFIC INNOVATION

Corona Virus Disease-2019 Symptoms and Protective Strategies
Dogan Ozdemir (PhD) , dogan.ozdemir@tiu.edu.iq, 9647738415149
Tishk International University, Sulaimani, Iraq
Key words: Coronavirus Disease-2019; respiratory syndromes; fever; sore throat; treatment.
ABSTRACT
COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease-2019) is a worldwide pandemic that causes health and social crisis all around the world. Firstly, COVID 19 was determined in Wuhan City, Hubei Province in South China. The virus spread to all continent and affecting many countries.
On 30 January 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the outbreak of COVID-19 to be a public health emergency of international concern (1).
In this review, the current symptoms, clinical characteristics, treatments and prevention of COVID-19 were summarized. Coronaviruses are enveloped single-stranded RNA viruses that are zoonotic in nature and cause symptoms ranging from those similar to the common cold to more severe respiratory, enteric, hepatic, and neurological symptoms (2-4). In this review, we observed and got data from different Research Paper. It is important to caution the readers that new data updating nearly every hour regarding clinical characteristics, diagnosis, treatment strategies, and outcomes COVID-19. Throughout the world the disease has caused varying degrees of illness. The symptoms of COVID-19 patients usually have fever, cough, sore throat, breathlessness, fatigue, and malaise among others. The treatment of disease is general treatment by using antiviral drugs, vitamins, oxygen therapy. However, it is vital to determine suspected people as soon as possible and isolate them to prevent the potential transmission of infection to other patients and health care staff.

In recent years, grid operators in Texas, California and the Midwest “shed load,” that is, forced many of their customers to a blacked-out (no electricity available) condition. These blackouts occurred when the grid’s power plants cannot supply enough electricity to match the demand on the grid. This paper describes the root cause of many of these blackouts, including the incentive system of power plant payments, the role of renewables in increasing the fragility of the grid, and the rules for dispatch on the grid.[1]
The Regional Transmission Organization (RTO) grids in New England and Texas are the main focus of the paper. These areas are also called the “Deregulated” areas, though that is a misnomer, since they are highly regulated, but not in the manner that most utilities were regulated before 1990. For the analysis paper, data was collected from the grid operator websites [2], from trade publication analysis, and from academic analysis [3].
The conclusion is that rules and incentives in RTO areas actively discourage investments in reliability. The RTO areas encourage the “fatal trifecta” of over-reliance on intermittent renewables, just-in-time delivery of natural gas, and hoped-for imports from neighboring grids. These changes make a grid more fragile, and are root cause of most of the recent blackouts

Mining has always been marked by exposure to various risks capable of promoting pathologies to workers [1]. Physical, chemical, biological, ergonomic and accident risks are common in the mineral extractive sector.
Mineral deposit mining and concentration processes can release toxic metals into the environment, e.g. cyanides and mercury, used respectively in the leaching and amalgamation of gold. Mining is one of the main sources of environmental contamination by heavy metals, whose main vectors are wind and erosion [2]. They also have high levels of reactivity and bioaccumulation, that is, they are able to trigger several non-metabolizable chemical reactions, which makes them remain cumulative along the food chain [3].
Among the metals released into the environment, mercury is considered the most toxic potential and the only one that has been proven to undergo biomagnification along the trophic chain, also suffering, organification and reaching its most toxic form (methylmercury) in the aquatic system [4]. The consumption of contaminated fish is the main route of human exposure to methylmercury.
Artisanal mining, which uses gold-mercury amalgam to extract gold from the ore, is a significant source of exposure for workers and surrounding populations. Miners burn the gold-mercury amalgam to vaporize the mercury and recover the gold. In addition, metal mercury residues are usually dumped near or into watercourses and can lead to high concentrations of methylmercury in fish. The consumption of contaminated fish by community residents can result in the ingestion of high levels of methylmercury [5].

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