ORALS

After decades of theoretical and experimental studies (see [1] for a general overview) on the most fundamental nuclear fusion in nature, the synthesis of the neutron from an electron and proton in the core of stars, R. M. Santilli and collaborators (including the Author) achieved the industrial synthesis o the neutron via a reactor known as Directional Neutron Source [2]. Subsequent systematic tests and independent verifications have shown that the same Directional Neutron Source can synthesize a new particle obtained from the synthesis of an electron and, this time, a neutron, by therefore resulting in a new strongly interacting particle called pseudo-proton [3] which is negatively charged, thus being attracted, rather than repelled by nuclei. In this lecture, we indicate that, subject to proper funding and development, pseudoproton irradiation is expected to be preferable over the current treatment of certain forms of cancer via proton irradiation [4] because, being positively charged, protons are repelled by the atomic nuclei of carcinogenic cells, thus requiring high irradiation flux and high energy with ensuing high invasive character. By contrast, due to the negative charge, pseudo-proton irradiation can be done via localized low energy beams that are absorbed by carcinogenic cells, with ensuing less invasive character.

References:
[1] R. M. Santilli, “Overview of historical and recent verifications of the EPR argument and their applications in physics, chemistry and biology”, APAV - Accademia Piceno Aprutina dei Velati, Pescara, Italy (2021), http://www.santilli-foundation.org/epr-overview-2021.pdf \n[2] R. Norman, S. Beghella Bartoli, B. Buckley, J. Dunning-Davies, J. Rak, R. M. Santilli, “Experimental Confirmation of the Synthesis of Neutrons and Neutroids from a Hydrogen Gas”, American Journal of Modern Physics, Vol. 6, p.85-104 (2017), www.santilli-foundation.org/docs/confirmation-neutron-synthesis-2017.pdf \n[3] R. M. Santilli, “Apparent Experimental Confirmation of Pseudoprotons and their Application to New Clean Nuclear Energies'', International Journal of Applied Physics and Mathematics, Vol. 9, p. 72-100 (2019), www.santilli-foundation.org/docs/pseudoproton-verification-2018.pdf\n[4] Mohan R, Grosshans D. Proton therapy - Present and future. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2017 Jan 15;109:26-44. doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2016.11.006. Epub 2016 Dec 3. PMID: 27919760; PMCID: PMC5303653.