POSTERS
| SESSION:MultiscalePoster | 4th Intl. symp. on Multiscale Material Mechanics and Multiphysics and Sustainable Applications |
| | Room: Condesa Foyer |
| Poster Session | 22-26 Oct, 2017 |
[MultiscalePoster1]
Fracture Mechanics Tests with the Use of Miniaturized Test Specimens Libor.
Kraus
1 ; Martin.
Rund
2 ; Jan.
Dzugan
3 ; Danile.
Melzer
4 ;
1COMTES FHT Inc., Dobrany, Czech Republic;
2COMTES FHT, Dobrany, Czech Republic;
3COMTES FHT, Donrany, Czech Republic;
4, , ;
Paper Id: 117
[Abstract] Determination of mechanical properties with the use of sub-sized specimens is a topic of high interest nowadays. The application of the sub-sized samples is quite wide for all cases where only limited amount of the experimental material is available such as evaluation of additively manufactured products properties, residual life of in-service components, properties determination of developed nanostructured materials, assessment of dilatometric samples used for thermal and thermo-mechanical treatment development, local properties of components, weld joints, etc. Concerning this large application field, it would be very useful to prepare a standard for small size samples, especially for most demanded material properties: tensile properties, notch impact transition temperature, fatigue properties, fracture toughness and creep. The current work is dealing with fracture toughness employing master curve and J-R curve approaches for fracture toughness parameters determination with the use mini specimens. The experimental material is reactor pressure vessel steel provided in the form of 2T-CT specimens. These specimens are tested and from the broken halves 1T-CT specimens are machined as well as full-size Charpy specimens, mini 0.16T-CTs and mini Charpy specimens. Results of fracture toughness tests achieved for different size specimens are subsequently compared and the size effect in assessed.
| SESSION:MetalsPoster | 3rd Intl. Symp. on Sustainable Metals & Alloys Processing |
| | Room: Condesa Foyer |
| Poster Session | 22-26 Oct, 2017 |
[MetalsPoster1]
Control of Melting Process Quality Using by Thermal Analysis of Molten Metal in Production of Ductile Iron Peter.
Futas
1 ; Alena.
Pribulova
2 ; Jozef.
Petrik
3 ; Andrea.
Junakova
4 ;
1Tecnical university of Kosice, Kosice, Slovakia (Slovak Republic);
2Technical university in Kosice, Faculty of Metallurgy, Kosice, Slovakia (Slovak Republic);
3Technical university of Kosice, Kosice, Slovakia (Slovak Republic);
4Magneti Marelli Slovakia, Kechnec, Slovakia (Slovak Republic);
Paper Id: 65
[Abstract] Ductile iron is one of the youngest material with unique constructions features, preferred combination of foundry and mechanical properties. To achieve the necessary quality ductile iron was necessary to establish the methods of control of liquid metal. The most modern and most accurate method is thermal analysis. This is quantitative criterion which comprehensively evaluates the made iron. Thermal analysis has been used in foundries for many years. Development in the field of electronics has resulted in quicker digital tools and displays, mainly for the determination of carbon and silicon contents and carbon equivalent. The displayed results include the previously mentioned information along with other estimated values such as the risk of the presence of carbides or microshrinkage and nodularization protential. Thermal analysis equipment provides a more accurate interpretation of the information available in the curves by taking into account the first and second derivatives of the cooling curves. Our aim was to examine changes in the metallurgical process and batching on the mechanical properties and structure of metal in compliance with the liquidus temperature. From the cooling curves and their derivations were observed process crystallization, graphitization ability, addiction to shrinkages and result structure in the production of ductile iron EN-GJS400-18.
[MetalsPoster2]
Analytical Modelling of Surface Temperature in Cylindrical Grinding Azhar.
Thanedar
1 ; Panchakshari.
Hiremath
2 ; Suhas.
Joshi
2 ; Rajkumar.
Singh
2 ;
1Bharat Forge Ltd., Pune, India;
2, , ;
Paper Id: 344
[Abstract] Cylindrical grinding process requires a large amount of specific grinding energy and the energy is dissipated as heat in the work surface resulting in increasing the surface temperature and localized plastic deformation. An increase in temperature at grinding interaction zone causes deterioration of the surface integrity, leading to grinding burns, induction of tensile residual stress and geometrical inaccuracies, so it's become important to understand the factors which affect grinding temperature. This work focuses on theoretical evaluation of maximum surface temperature so that the onset of grinding burn can be identified. It is known that, direct measurement of grinding temperature has been always difficult during the experiment method as the work-wheel interaction zone is fairly hidden and flooded with the coolant. Therefore, the evaluation of temperature would help the in early detection of possibility of the grinding burn. Grinding zone temperature evaluation reveals that, when the calculated grinding temperature reaches beyond the optimum value 631oC, this results in grinding burn on the surface with a BNA value of the order of 100 mp for medium carbon steel.
| SESSION:AluminumPoster | 2nd Intl. Symp. on Sustainable Aluminum Extraction and Processing |
| | Room: Condesa Foyer |
| Poster Session | 22-26 Oct, 2017 |
[AluminumPoster1]
Geotechnical Characterization and Evaluation of the Behavior of a Filtered Residue from the Production of Alumina (red mud) stored as densified landfill. Manoela.
Neves
1 ;
1PONTIFICIA UNIVERSIDADE CATOLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, RIO DE JANEIRO, Brazil;
Paper Id: 167
[Abstract] Considering the reduction of environmental impacts and the need to make the best use of available waste disposal areas, mining beneficiation industries have invested in innovative techniques to improve the behavior of the waste generated. This experimental study reports the behavior of a residue from the production of alumina dewatered by filter press and also its geotechnical behavior when densified. This work used the Filter Press, which is a device that retains the solid part forming compact and high percentage of solids and saturation degree. Studies of the characteristics and behavior of the filtered residue were made to find the best and most safe form of disposal, seeking the best use of available areas. An experimental landfill with the press filter residue was carried out in order to store the material, collecting samples and, therefore, testing the compaction conditions in each layer performed. The experimental landfill was divided into 3 lanes, lane 1 with 5 layers of 30 cm, lane 2 with 4 layers of 40 cm and lane 3 with 4 layers of 50 cm of thickness. The layers had different combinations of numbers of passes and humidity relative to optimal humidity. Laboratory tests (Characterization, Compaction, CIU / UU / PN Triaxial, oedometer and Permeability) were carried out on deformed samples of the residue, collected at the exit of the filter press, and in undisturbed samples obtained in the areas of the experimental landfill it was observed that the moisture content obtained in the residue at the exit of the filter press is 2% lower than the optimum moisture content of the material, being favorable to promote its compaction in the arrangement. When compacted, the residue presents low permeability, in the order of 10-6 to 10-8 m / s, these results being obtained in molded test bodies varying the degree of compaction between 85% and 100% and the moisture content Varying -2% to + 6% in relation to the optimal humidity. Resistance parameters were also assessed by UU triaxial tests (non-densified and non-drained) in unsaturated samples. Through the results showed in the field in all cases a growth of specific dry weight and degree of compaction (GC) with the number of passes. The humidity of 4% above the optimum is the limit to have acceptable GC, for any layer thickness within this humidity range (-1.0 to + 4.0%) the minimum number of 8 passes.
| SESSION:MiningPoster | 4th Intl. Symp. on Sustainable Mining Operations |
| | Room: Condesa Foyer |
| Poster Session | 22-26 Oct, 2017 |
[MiningPoster1]
Analysis and Sensitivity Evaluation of the Safety Factor in the Change of the Values of Certain Geo-Mechanical Parameters Idaver.
Huseini
1 ;
1Usht, Tetovo, Macedonia (Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia);
Paper Id: 60
[Abstract] The subject of this dissertation research is the analysis of the sensitivity of the geo-mechanical stability of slopes of the surface coal mines of the main influential factors. Its main purpose is to define the interaction between the geological environment and the engineering activity. This definition should derive from defined properties and conditions of the geological environment, on one side, and the impact of the engineering activity, on the other. It is regarded that without proper methodological approach, successful resolving of any geotechnical problem is not possible.In general, various methods are used for slope stability analysis. They can roughly be divided into two groups: border balance methods and numeric methods. In general, the slope stability analysis consists of the following components: safety factor Fs; slope-geometrical properties; physical-mechanical properties of tested soil materials; groundwater. The following significant results occurred from the work on this doctoral dissertation: analysis and sensitivity evaluation of the safety factor in the change of the values of certain geo-mechanical parameters; analysis of the reliability of the geo-mechanical parameters that affect the geo-mechanical stability; critical review of the selection of methods for geo-mechanical stability analysis.
[MiningPoster2]
The Micon Hybrid II, 50-psi, Mine Ventilation Seal with Access Door Stephen.
Sawyer
1 ; George.
Watson
2 ; David.
Hussey
2 ;
1Sawyer Engineering, McMurray, United States;
2Micon, Inc., Glassport, United States;
Paper Id: 125
[Abstract] Bituminous coal has been historically the primary fuel for generating steam and continues to be used worldwide in that capacity today. Coal is also vital in the production of steel. The hazards of mining coal underground have been minimized in recent years because of innovations in safety. However, fires and explosions (e.g., Moura No. 2 Mine gas explosion, Australia, 1994, and Upper Big Branch South Mine No. 1 gas explosion, 2010)) are ever-present, underground, safety hazards, against which modern, mine ventilation seals are designed to mitigate. Mine ventilation seals isolate mined-out areas from active, mine workings, preventing explosive gasses from the former to migrate into the latter. These structures are also employed to isolate a mine fire, enabling the fire to burn itself out and to provide underground, refuge rooms. A maximum overpressure rating required for a mine ventilation seal under certain conditions is 50-psi in many countries, like mainline seals in Australia and gob-isolation seals the United States. MICON, Inc. of Glassport, Pennsylvania, USA, has developed the world's first, 50-psi, mine ventilation seal with an integral, access door. The integral, access door enables either the abandoned area or a fire-isolated area of a coal mine to be re-entered for inspection, which was never possible before. The MICON, Hybrid II, 50-psi mine ventilation seal with access door has been approved by the U. S. Mine Safety and Health Administration. This seal is a recent variant to the seal, which was awarded U.S. Patent No. 8,342,776, Australian Patent Nos. 2008261894 and 200909379, and other international patents. In this paper, the construction of the MICON Hybrid II, 50-psi, mine ventilation seal with access door is presented.
| SESSION:MineralPoster | Lotter International Symposium on Sustainable Mineral Processing (4th Intl. Symp. on Sustainable Mineral Processing: Principles, Technologies and Industrial Practice) |
| | Room: Condesa Foyer |
| Poster Session | 22-26 Oct, 2017 |
[MineralPoster1]
Combined Microflotation as a Powerful Technology of Fine Ferrous Ore Beneficiation Niclolaj.
Rulyov
1 ; Nessipbay.
Tussupbayev
2 ;
1Institute of Biocolloid Chemistry, Ukrainian National Academy of Sciences, Kyiv, Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine;
2, , ;
Paper Id: 88
[Abstract] Flotation is a conventional and most common technique for minerals beneficiation. However, its efficiency drops dramatically when floated particles size falls below 30 µm. With the depletion of rich deposits and the rising need to develop poor finely disseminated ores, which requires grinding down to particles sizes well below 30 µm, the challenge of fine particles flotation comes to the forefront. Solving this problem by increasing flotation time and bubbling rate inevitably involves increased investments and production costs, and the decrease in the concentrate quality and valuable component recovery rate. In certain cases, these considerations become critical for taking the decision on the deposit viability.
The theoretical and experimental findings show that the most effective approach to fine particles flotation challenge involves the application of fine bubbles, which are smaller than 5x(particles size). However, practically it is not feasible to generate a large amount of fine particles below 100 µm in size in conventional pneumo-mechanical flotation cells. Hence, extended research has started to design an apparatus for producing fine bubbles outside the flotation cells and introduce bubbles into a cell as air-in-water dispersion. It has been proven both theoretically and experimentally that even small volumes of fine bubbles contribute to significant increase of flotation efficiency. The method, which uses the combination of conventional coarse bubbles and fine bubbles acting actually as flotation carriers, is termed «combined microflotation».
The purpose of the present study is to establish the effectiveness of microbubbles application for beneficiation of finely dispersed (80% below 33 µm) magnetite concentrate (iron content 64.5%) by reverse flotation in pneumo-mechanical cells at actual production facilities of Poltavsky Concentrator (Gorishni Plavni, Ukraine). The industrial scale generator “SEBBA-5” (delivered by Turboflotservice Company) was used as a microbubble source. This generator produces bubbles smaller than 50 µm. The results have shown that the relative increase of the flotation rate (when the iron content in the concentrate reaches 68%) is practically in direct ratio to the volume dose of fine bubbles per feed unit weight. In particular, at the microbubble dosage of 0.005 m3/t flotation rate constant has increased by 8.7% and at the dosage 0.015 m3/t – by 25%.
[MineralPoster2]
Development of Heap Leaching Technology for Oxide Copper Ores in Kazakhstan Anna.
Reznichenko
1 ; Larissa.
Kushakova
1 ;
1VNIItsvetmet, Ust-Kamenogorsk, Kazakhstan;
Paper Id: 128
[Abstract] Over the last years the intensive development of copper hydrometallurgy has been observed in Kazakhstan. It is based on the use of heap leaching and extraction technology for production of high purity cathode copper at high economic efficiency. In VNIItsvetmet the researches on the application of extraction technology for the processing of copper-bearing Kazakhstani raw materials have been carried out since 1997. More than 15 copper ore deposits of oxide and mixed type were tested.
In addition to the study of the material composition of ores and the set of heap leaching researches, the specialized tests on selection of the most suitable organic extractant are carried out. The results of the research are used to draw up a feasibility study, develop process procedures and implement the projects. VNIItsvetmet also provides scientific and technical support for exploitation of the developed technologies.
There are three plants for the processing of oxide copper ores based on the use of heap leaching and extraction technology, operating on the basis of our developments at the Kounrad deposit (with a production of 13,000 cathode copper per annum), Ayak-Kodzhan deposit (3,000 cathode copper per annum) and Aktogay deposit (15,000 cathode copper per annum). Three more plants with a total production of about 15 thousand cathode copper per annum are being prepared for launch in 2017-2018 at the Zhezkazgan, Ay and Almaly deposits.
[MineralPoster3]
Modeling of Filtration Process of Concentrates of Inorganic Compounds with the Formation of Compressible Sediments Mirsalim.
Asadov
1 ; Tamila.
Qurbanzade
1 ;
1Institute of Catalysis and Inorganic Chemistry, Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, Baku, Azerbaijan;
Paper Id: 132
[Abstract] A wide range of inorganic concentrates with different properties makes it difficult to directly apply the theory of filtration and requires the use of modeling methods.
In this regard, the development of models of filtering processes is actual.
The filtration process with the formation of compressible sediments is particularly important. This process involves the use of experimental data, as well as the development of a methodology for calculation of filtration system.
The purpose of this work is the development of mathematical models of filtration with the formation of compressible sediments using a filtration system of concentrates (e.g., liquid sulfur).
To achieve this goal, it is necessary to solve the following problems:
1. determination of the dependence of the porosity of the concentrates' sediment on the compressive stress;
2. determination of the relationship between the porosity of the sediment and its specific resistance;
3. determination of the dependence of the specific resistance of the sediment on the impurity concentration;
4. determination of the influence of filter pore sizes on the cleaning efficiency of suspended particles by filtration method;
5. development of a mathematical model of the filtration process through the membrane layer;
6. development of a mathematical model for filtration of concentrates with the formation of a compressible sediment;
7. improvement of the liquid sulfur filtration system.
[MineralPoster4]
Analysis of the Sensitivity of the Geo-Mechanical Stability of Slopes of the Surface Coal Mines Oslomej within the Tpp Oslomejof the Main Influential Factors Idaver.
Huseini
1 ;
1Usht, Tetovo, Macedonia (Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia);
Paper Id: 141
[Abstract] The subject of this dissertation research is the analysis of the sensitivity of the geo-mechanical stability of slopes of the surface coal mines of the main influential factors. Its main purpose is to define the interaction between the geological environment and the engineering activity. This definition should derive from defined properties and conditions of the geological environment, on one side, and the impact of the engineering activity, on the other.
It is regarded that without proper methodological approach, successful resolving of any geotechnical problem is not possible.
In general, various methods are used for slope stability analysis. They can roughly be divided into two groups, such as:
- Border balance methods and
- Numeric methods.
In general, the slope stability analysis consists of the following components:
- Safety Factor Fs ;
- Slope Geometrical properties;
- Physical-mechanical properties of tested soil materials;
- Groundwater.
Following significant results occurred from the work on this doctoral dissertation:
- Analyzis and sensitivity evaluation of the safety factor in the change of the values of certain geo-mechanical parameters;
- Analysis of the reliability of the geo-mechanical parameters that affect the geo-mechanical stability;
- Critical review of the selection of methods for geo-mechanical stability analysis;
[MineralPoster5]
Actual Status and Processing Prospects Technogenic Coal Deposits Yuliy.
Rubinstein
1 ;
1Solid Fuel Preparation Institute, Lubertsy, Russian Federation;
Paper Id: 161
[Abstract] Russia is one of the world leaders in coal production. In-place coal reserves of Russia account for one third of total world coal reserves and one fifth of world explored reserves. At that, some 4-5 t of overburden rock is stripped in surface mining and up to 0.2-0.3 t of mine rocks are produced in underground mining per of 1 t of mined coal. In addition, in the process of coal preparation in 2016 more than 30 mln t of solid waste were generated and on coal-fired thermal power plants 25 mln t of ash and slag waste (ASW) were produced.
Solid wastes of coal mining, preparation and burning are discharged to dumps which occupy large areas of valuable ploughlands, worsen landscape of the territory, are the sources of environmental pollution, and their storage involves relatively high capital and operational costs.
A sustainable solution of the problem of efficient use of industrial waste depends on several factors, namely, material composition of waste, its aggregative state, quantity, technological characteristics, etc.
The problem of non-waste technologies has ecological, resource saving, technological and technical, economical and organizational aspects.
The areas of efficient use, technical requirements, technical solutions and innovative trends in the processing of technogenic coal deposits have been determined based on the analysis of basic regularities of development of their physical and chemical properties, aggregative state, quantity and natural heterogeneity.
[MineralPoster6]
Industrial Impact Development for OptimOre, a Collaborative EU Project on Sustainable Supply of Raw Materials (Tungsten and Tantalum) Yousef.
Ghorbani
1 ;
1Camborne School of Mines - University of Exeter, Exeter, Great Britain;
Paper Id: 179
[Abstract] The modern economy is highly dependent on specific raw materials, and it is envisaged that this dependency will increase in the near future. Most of them are scarce in the European Union (EU) and of poor purity, being mixed with complex and low-grade aggregates which need to be processed by means of a separation process consuming high quantities of energy and water, and even in some cases, this makes its exploitation unfeasible due to production costs. Being EU dependent on some of these materials, as identified by the European Innovation Partnership (EIP) initiative, our society is demanding more efficient extracting processes to contribute to major European independency on these Critical Raw Materials (CRMs). Tungsten and Tantalum ores are two recognized CRMs: In a market currently dominated by China and Russia production (among others), in Europe Tungsten (limited) production is mostly concentrated in UK, Spain and Portugal. On the other side, Tantalum is a key element on electronics with clear EU external production dependency, as it is naturally really scarce in Europe (only 1% of world production is concentrated in EU). Knowing this situation, OptimOre Project as a first EU project on raw materials has started a comprehensive research and development of modeling and control technologies in order to study the secure sustainable supply of raw materials (Tungsten and Tantalum) to the European economy whilst increasing benefits for society as a whole. The approach to do this was based on, using advanced sensing and industrial control, artificial intelligence techniques, aiming to increase yield in 7-12% on the current best production processes and increasing energy saving on a 5% compared to the best available techniques. This work consists of 8 partners in 4 different countries and 7 advisory board from industry.
In this paper will present industrial impact development approach in OptimOre project introducing a general techno-economic impact of this project. The number of the successful non-disclosure agreement (NDA) with different relevant companies in Europe have been discussed.
[MineralPoster7]
Making Sense of Mineral-based Characterization Technologies: Old and New Perspectives for Sustainable Mineral Processing Alan.
Butcher
1 ;
1Geological Survey of Finland, Helsinki, Finland;
Paper Id: 183
[Abstract] The international mineral processing community has over the years embraced various developments in technology to do with the characterization of ores and processed mineral products, particularly with respect to mineralogy and ore texture analysis, such that there is now a bewildering number of them. Some techniques produce data and information that is the same, others are very unique, and there are a few which are proving to be game-changing. This paper will attempt to summarize the main techniques that are available to the scientist and engineer alike, then discuss what they are used for, and finally how they compare to each other. Techniques currently utilized in allied earth resources industries, such as petroleum engineering, but not generally known to mining and processing engineers, will also be mentioned, along with lessons learned. These techniques, no matter which ones used, are here to stay, and a sound understanding of them is absolutely essential if one is to maximize the information gained from an ore in the pursuit of sustainable mineral processing. The paper will be of interest to experienced users of mineral-based technologies, as well as those who want to learn more about them, and is a celebration of 40 years of development.
| SESSION:AdvancedMaterialsPoster | Marquis International Symposium on New and Advanced Materials and Technologies for Energy, Environment and Sustainable Development(3rd Intl Symp. on New and Advanced Materials and Technologies for Energy, Environment and Sustainable Development) |
| | Room: Condesa Foyer |
| Poster Session | 22-26 Oct, 2017 |
[AdvancedMaterialsPoster1]
Next Generation Organic Blend Semiconductors for Transistor and Flexible Microelectronic Applications Thomas.
Anthopoulos
1 ;
1King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia (Kingdom of Saudi Arabia);
Paper Id: 89
[Abstract] The increasing demand for thin-film transistors (TFTs) technologies with improved carrier mobility and operating stability has been the driving force behind the tremendous progressed witnessed in recent years in the field of organic TFTs (OTFTs). A common approach towards this goal has been the development of new compounds with improved charge transporting and processing characteristics. In this presentation, I will discuss an alternative strategy to materials, and ultimately OTFT and integrated circuits, development based on the use of molecular additives in combination with advanced semiconducting blends composed of a small-molecule and a polymer binder material. I will describe how the incorporation of different types of additives can lead to semiconducting systems, and ultimately OTFTs, that combine highly attractive features such processing versatility, high carrier mobility and enhanced bias stability. The role of the molecular additives and the underlying mechanism responsible for the performance enhancement observed in several different blend systems will also be discussed.
[AdvancedMaterialsPoster2]
A Two-Stage Fluidized Bed Hydrogen Reduction Process for the Production of High-Purity Ni Particles Young Ok.
Park
1 ; Jae-rang.
Lee
1 ; Naim.
Hasolli
1 ; Seong-min.
Jeon
1 ; Kang-san.
Lee
1 ; Kwang-deuk.
Kim
1 ;
1Korea Institute of Energy Research, Deajeon, Korea (Republic of [South] Korea);
Paper Id: 113
[Abstract] A novel two-stage reduction process for the production of nickel powder with high purity and low density in a fluidized bed reactor has been developed in this work. The raw NiO particles are first pre-reduced using hydrogen at lower temperatures (350-450°C) followed by further reduction at a higher temperature (500-600°C). The low-grade NiO powder has a bulk density of 4.1g/cm3 and a particle size below 10micrometer. The samples of the NiO powder investigated to estimate the gas consumption rate for given amount of the ore to be reduced and to observe the influence of the main reduction parameters on reduction rate and Ni contents. At a consumption rate of 2000Nm3/ton-ore, almost all samples reach the level of reduction above 95% and have a high Ni content (above 96%) for operation temperature of 550oC. For the temperature range between 450 and 650oC and the hydrogen consumption rate of 3500Nm3/ton-ore, the reduction rate reaches to the level of above 98% and have a high Ni content (above 98.5%).
[AdvancedMaterialsPoster3]
On the Mechanical Behavior of CGO-LSCF Coral Type Composite Coatings for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells Amelia.
Almeida
1 ; Jaroslaw.
Sar
2 ; Elisabeth.
Djurado
3 ; Rudy.
Ghisleny
4 ;
1Instituto Superior Tecnico, Lisboa, Portugal;
2Instituto Superior Tecnico (Universidade de Lisboa) and Grenoble INP (LEPMI), Lisboa, Portugal;
3Grenoble INP - LEPMI, St. Martin d'Heres, France;
4EMPA-Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Testing and Research, Thun, Switzerland (Confederation of Helvetia);
Paper Id: 140
[Abstract] The electrochemical performance of electrodes for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) requires porous structures with a large number of active triple phase boundaries. Further improvements require the development of new oxygen electrodes with highly porous structures able to enhance the adsorption process and provide high active zones for oxygen reduction. However, a high level of porosity leads to low mechanical properties that may compromise the electrodes integrity and cell performance that must be studied.
This work investigates the mechanical properties and behavior of CGO-LSCF composite coatings developed by electrostatic spray deposition as oxygen electrodes for intermediate temperature SOFC.
The coatings are characterized by a highly porous coral-like structure formed of aggregate nanoparticles that result in a very high surface area. Their mechanical behavior was studied by nanoscratch and nanoindentation tests and a model of material degradation under progressive compressive loading has been proposed. The coatings damage mechanism involves three regimes: at very low loads stresses are concentrated at the tips of individual corals that may fracture (regime I); as load increases, generalized fracture of the corals occurs and the material starts compacting into an increasingly dense layer (regime II); at the highest loads, the material behaves like an almost fully dense solid (regime III). As loading increases porosity decreases from 60 to about 5 vol% in the compacted material. The transitions between regimes are associated to increases in the contact stress and the same damage mechanisms are found during scratching and indentation. Hardness increases from about 2 to 100 MPa, while the Young's modulus varies in the range 118 GPa, as porosity decreases. Calculations of the real contact pressure allowed estimating a yield stress of 83 MPa that can be considered as a low limit for the materials fracture strength.
[AdvancedMaterialsPoster4]
Semiconducting Polymers and Hybrids for OPVs and PLEDs: Scalability and Optoelectronic Properties Modulation Joannis.
Kallitsis
1 ;
1University of Patras & FORTH/ICE-HT, Rio, Greece;
Paper Id: 146
[Abstract] Organic photovoltaic cells (OPVs) and polymeric light emitting diodes (PLEDs) are technologies where polymeric semiconductors are used providing a thin film, called the "active layer", which is responsible for the operation of the device.
In the case of OPVs, polymer semiconducting electron donors are combined with electron acceptors, typically fullerenes or other carbon based nanostructures, forming a bicontinuous interpenetrating network. The efficiency of these so called Bulk Heterojunction (BHJ) OPVs is greatly dependant on the exact materials combinations as well as the morphology of the active layer. Our efforts were devoted on the scale up synthesis of the different efficient polymeric electron donors as well as their application on printable OPV devices thereof. Also control and stabilization of the active layer�s blend morphology was attempted through the incorporation of a third component acting as compatiblizer and/or stabilizer. Thus, employment of hybrid polymer-fullerene [1,2] additives, comprising the electron donating polymer and the fullerenic electron acceptor part was used in order to enhance the stability of the active blend.
In the case of PLEDs, both semiconducting polymers and polymeric metallocomplexes [3] are used in order to obtain the desired colored emission. Working in this direction, polymeric materials with controlled light emission have been synthesized and used for PLEDS device construction and testing [4]. Moreover, we also combined different chromophore bearing light emitting polymers and copolymers with Iridium (Ir) based polymeric metallocomplexes in different ratios in order to effectively control the final light emission. Depending on the well-defined copolymers� composition and even using polymer blends, the optoelectronic properties of the final active materials were modulated leading to the fine tuning of the light emission properties of the final materials and devices.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS:
This research has been co-financed by the project SMARTONICS � 310229 - FP7-NMP-2012.1.4-1 (2013-2017) �Development of Smart Machines, Tools and Processes for the Precision Synthesis of Nanomaterials with Tailored Properties for Organic Electronics� and by the project "Green/k Sustainable Lighting - GR-Light" 11SYN-5-573, GSRT-Greece.
References
[1] S. Kakogianni, S. N. Kourkouli, A. K. Andreopoulou, J. K. Kallitsis, J. Mater. Chem A, 2, 8110-8117 (2014)
[2] S. Kakogianni, M. A. Lebedeva, G. Paloumbis, A. K. Andreopoulou, K. Porfyrakis, J. K. Kallitsis, RSC Adv, 6, 98306 � 98316 (2016)
[3] E. K. Pefkianakis, N. P. Tzanetos, J. K. Kallitsis, Chem. Mater., 20, 6254�6262 (2008)
[4] M. Gioti, D. Kokkinos, C. I. Chaidou, A. Laskarakis, A. K. Andreopoulou, J. K. Kallitsis, S. Logothetidis, Phys. Status Solidi A, 213, 2947-2953 (2016).
[AdvancedMaterialsPoster5]
The Commercial Application of Nanogold Catalysts Caixia.
Qi
1 ;
1, Yantai, China;
Paper Id: 218
[Abstract] Nanogold catalysis has been extensively studied since the pioneer work of Haruta that CO oxidation can take place at a temperature as low as -77 over Au nanoparticles deposited on metal-oxide. In past decades, especially in recent 10 years, gold catalysis have become a vital new force in the field of green chemistry due to the global explosive growth of R & D activities in pollution control, fine chemical synthesis and energy etc. From the simple reactions of carbon monoxide oxidation and epoxidation of propylene, the studied reaction systems have been extended to hydrogenation, carbonylation, condensation and other kinds of reactions in organic synthesis. The research category has expanded from heterogeneous catalysis to homogeneous catalysis and photocatalysis. As a promising catalyst system, the industrialization of Au catalysts in large scale is highly expected and many efforts have been done recently. Some Au catalysts have been or being available in the market. In the presentation, an overview on the commercialization situation of gold catalysts at home and aboard including our work at Shandong Applied Research Centre of Gold Nanotechnology (Au-SADRC) will be introduced.
[AdvancedMaterialsPoster6]
Fabrication of Low-cost Spargers and Bubble Column Characterization for Aqueous and Non-aqueous Solutions Behnam.
Mostajeran Goortani
1 ; Elham.
Khoshandam
2 ;
1University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran (Islamic Republic of Iran);
2MASTER STUDENT, Isfahan, Iran (Islamic Republic of Iran);
Paper Id: 237
[Abstract] Spargers are porous devices used for the continuous injection of gas bubbles into liquids. They have many applications like effective aeration in bio reactors, enhanced oil recovery, flotation, filtration and water treatment. In this study low cost spargers are fabricated, utilizing a new method. Nano- and microstructured glass bead spargers were fabricated in a temperature-controlled convection furnace. Scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and porosimetry were used to further characterize the fabricated spargers. The bubble sizes and distributions were determined in an experimental setup comprising a bubble column equipped with a semi-professional camera to record the sizes of the bubbles in the column and resulting bubbles were photographed at different gas flow rates. In comparison to existing commercial spargers, the spargers fabricated in this study produce bubbles smaller than 100 m in size. As substrate, first disc shaped and conical shaped glass spargers are fabricated. They are then covered by a layer of copper through two methods: manual method and plasma focus deposition method. The effect of reaction temperature and fluid properties were investigated on the size and the distribution of the produced bubbles: the best sintering temperature for copper oxide conical samples was 600 and 610 oC.
[AdvancedMaterialsPoster7]
Magnesium (Mn3O4) NanoparticlesChitosan Nanocomposite Based Urea Biosensor Akbar.
Ali
1 ;
1Pakistan Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Nilore, Pakistan;
Paper Id: 249
[Abstract] In this study, a potentiometric urea biosensor through the immobilization of urease enzyme onto CS / Magnesium (Mn3O4) nanocomposite has been fabricated on glass filter paper. A copper wire (diameter = 200 m) is attached with nanoparticles to extract the voltage output signal. The shape and dimensions of Magnesium (Mn3O4) nanoparticles are investigated by scanning electron microscopy and the average diameter is approximately 70-90 nm. Structural quality of Magnesium (Mn3O4) nanoparticles is confirmed from x-ray powder diffraction measurements A physical adsorption method is adopted to immobilize the surface of CS/ Magnesium (Mn3O4) nano composite. The potentiometric sensitivity curve has been measured over the concentration range (1x 10-4 to 8 x 10-2 M) of urea electrolyte solution revealing that the fabricated biosensor holds good sensing ability with a linear slope curve of ~45mV/decade. In addition, the presented biosensor shows good reusability, selectivity, reproducibility and resistance against interferers along with the stable output response of ~8 seconds.
[AdvancedMaterialsPoster8]
Synthesis and Multi-scale Characterization of Bio-Adhesives from Bio-mass Ellie.
Fini
1 ; Mahour.
Parast
2 ;
1North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, United States;
2North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, United States;
Paper Id: 251
[Abstract] This paper introduces a newly developed bio-oil and bio-modifier produced from thermochemical conversion of animal waste. It further discusses the chemical profile and key active compounds in bio-modifier as well as their characteristic behavior in an attempt to tailor bio-oil production to yield the optimum chemistry. Bio-chemicals and additives have long been used to improve the performance of asphalt pavement. This study investigates intermolecular interactions between bio-molecules derived from swine manure and their effect on bitumen interfaces in an attempt to enhance moisture resistance of bitumen to be used as sealants in construction applications. In fact, use of chemicals and additives for specific purposes such as adhesion promotion of bitumen is a common practice. Bio-oils derived from industrial or agricultural waste streams are attractive candidates as low-cost modifiers that would also improve waste management practices and generate new commercial opportunities.
A major component of the swine manure-derived bio-oil is hexadecanamide, a saturated hydrocarbon terminated with a primary amide. Both H-bonding and dispersion interactions are important in the self-assembly of hexadecanamide, but their relative impacts may differ in the context of bitumen or bio-oil.
To understand bio-oils effect on enhancing bitumen moisture resistance, this paper examines the intermolecular interactions among aforementioned prominent bio-oils molecules and their effect on bitumen interfaces. Accordingly, it is hypothesized that both the amide and acid compounds found in bio-oil could play an important role in modifying the chemistry and morphology of bitumen interfaces with aggregate, air, and water.
The study results showed that amide- and acid-terminated surfactant modifiers have very different effects on the surface morphology of bitumen and its interaction with a silica surface. The amide compound in pure form did not mix well with the bitumen. This behavior is attributed to the tendency of the amide to form multiple, strong H-bonds with other amide molecules, effectively hiding its polar head and limiting its function as a surfactant. Calculations based on density functional theory confirm that formation of extensive chains of amide dimers are energetically more favored than that of adsorption complexes of amide-asphaltene or amide-wax. In contrast, the acid appeared to mix well into the bitumen and did not affect the morphology of the bitumen-air interface but severely altered the morphology of the bitumen-glass interface with significant impacts on wetting behavior. Organization of the amide molecules in crystalline layers is influenced by both van der Waals forces and H-bonding interactions, such that almost 49% of stability of the hexadecanamide dimers, in side-to-side arrangement, is due to van der Waals interaction between the aliphatic chains. It was shown that solubilizing agents could reduce the amide intermolecular interactions and its affinity for forming extended chains, increasing its effectiveness as a surfactant promoting anti-stripping properties of bitumen.
[AdvancedMaterialsPoster9]
On The Prediction of Mechanical Properties of Carbon Nanotube Reinforced Polymer Roham.
Rafiee
1 ;
1University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran (Islamic Republic of Iran);
Paper Id: 253
[Abstract] Predicting mechanical properties of CNT-based nanocomposites as the main concern of this talk plays an important role in their development process and can pave the road toward their industrial application. Micromechanics rules cannot be directly applied to CNT reinforced polymer due to the invalid basic assumption. Thus, a full range multi-scale modeling technique is developed to estimate Youngs modulus and Poissons ratio of CNT reinforced polymer to overcome this shortcoming. Covering all involved scales of Nano, Micro, Meso and Macro, the developed modeling consists of two different phases as top-down scanning and bottom-up modeling. At the first stage, the material region will be scanned from the macro level downward to the nano scale. Effective parameters associated with each and every scale will be identified through this scanning procedure. Taking into account identified effective parameters of each specific scale, suitable representative volume elements (RVE) will be defined for each and every scale, separately. In the second stage of the modeling procedure, a hierarchical multi-scale modeling approach is developed. This modeling strategy will analyze the material at each scale and obtained results are fed to the upper scale as input information. Due to induced uncertainties during the processing of CNT reinforced polymer, the developed modeling technique is implemented stochastically to capture involved random parameters. The novelty of the current research is twofold: developing a full-range multi-scale technique to consider effective parameters of all scales and full stochastic implementation of integrated modeling procedures. It has been revealed that the developed modeling procedure provides a clear insight to the properties of CNT reinforced polymer and it is a very efficient tool for predicting mechanical behavior of CNT-based nanocomposites.
[AdvancedMaterialsPoster10]
Applied R&D in The Field of Glass-Fiber Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin Pipes Roham.
Rafiee
1 ;
1University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran (Islamic Republic of Iran);
Paper Id: 254
[Abstract] Glass-Fiber Reinforced-Polyester (GFRP) pipes are increasingly used in different water, wastewater, petrochemical, oil and gas industries due to their anti-corrosive and improved mechanical properties. The main objective of this study is to provide an overall picture on conducted modeling and simulation characterizing mechanical behavior of GFRP pipes in Composites Research Laboratory (COMRESLAB) during the past six years. The majority of conducted investigations are limited to experimental studies, while modeling and simulation can play a key role in understanding the behavior of these pipes at early stages of design process and prior to lunching a mass production. The certification procedure of GFRP products regulated by international standards necessitates performing a series of cumbersome long-term qualification tests on full-scale GFRP pipes up to 10,000 h estimating residual properties at the end of design lifetime (50 years). Moreover, the required short-term experimental programs for obtaining nominal design requirements are very costly due to the destructive nature of defined tests.
In this talk, all performed computational simulation for evaluating the performance GFRP pipes in COMRESLAB are presented in an integrated framework. The conducted studies consist of estimating functional failure pressure, investigating the influence of production inconsistencies on the failure pressure and analyzing long-term behavior from both creep and fatigue viewpoints. The performed investigations have been also validated using experimental data obtained on industrial scale. Thus, the capability of developed modeling in providing an insight into the is elaborated which can pave the road toward the industrial applications of these pipes.
Finally, a gap analysis is carried out and new perspectives which are still required to be developed more deeply for their industrial applications or have not been addressed in literature are also nominated.
[AdvancedMaterialsPoster11]
Products of Activation of Hydrolytic Lignin: Prospects of Application Yury.
Nikolenko
1 ; Denis.
P. Opra
2 ; Aleksander.
K. Tsvetnikov
2 ; Aleksander.
A. Sokolov
2 ; Aleksander.
Yu. Ustinov
2 ; Albert.
M. Ziatdinov
2 ; Sergey.
L. Sinebryukhov
2 ; Valery.
G. Kuryavyi
2 ; Sergey.
V. Gnedenkov
2 ;
1Institute of Chemistry FEB RAS, Vladivostok, Russian Federation;
2, , ;
Paper Id: 264
[Abstract] The hydrolytic lignin (HL) and its activated forms (AHL) were tested as active components of lithium power sources. The results of galvanostatic discharge of lithium electrochemical systems made on the basis of HL and AHL demonstrate the practical significance of thermal treatment of lignin. In particular, in the voltage range 0.5 – 3 V, the specific capacity increases from 190 mA·h/g (HL) to 265 mA·h/g (AHL annealed up to 350 С), 465 mA·h/g (AHL annealed up to 600 С), and 845 mA·h/g (AHL annealed up to 1000 С). One of the reasons for this could the increase of the electrical conductivity of the material. Also, fluorinated AHL samples were tested. The fluorinated AHL-1000 with semi-ionic carbon-fluorine bonds shows higher voltage (≈ 2.4 V) at the initial stage of discharge.
[AdvancedMaterialsPoster12]
Improving sustainability of adipic acid production Luisa.
Martins
1 ;
1University of Lisbon, Lisboa, Portugal;
Paper Id: 267
[Abstract] Adipic acid, nylon precursor, is a relevant commodity produced worldwide: over 3.5 millions of metric tons/year, growing ca. 5%/year.
Currently, the industrial production of adipic acid uses a two-step process: a) oxidation of cyclohexane to KA oil (cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone mixture), followed by the b) oxidation of KA oil with an excess of concentrated nitric acid. Among other disadvantages, the nitrous oxide emission from this process (300 kg of N2O per ton of adipic acid, measurably contributes to global warming and ozone depletion. Therefore, the development of a more efficient adipic acid production process that is less damaging to the environment is an important subject in chemical research.
This lecture will address the recent achievements towards the development of a sustainable chemical process for adipic acid production. In particular, the direct (single-pot) cyclohexane oxidation to adipic acid in a solvent-, heating-, radiation- and N2O-free new catalytic protocol, which could provide an ideal solution to this serious problem, is presented and discussed.
[AdvancedMaterialsPoster13]
A Theoretical Study of Copper Sulfide Nanoalloy Clusters: Density Functional Approach Tanmoy.
Chakraborty
1 ;
1Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur, India;
Paper Id: 290
[Abstract] A search of alternative energy resources is one of the most popular topics of modern scientific research. Recently, transition metal chalcogenide clusters have gained considerable importance due to their potential applications in the field of energy conversion, storage, and optoelectronics etc. Among them, the compounds formed between Cu and S are extensively used in technological and strategic industries, including thermoelectric cooling materials, solar cells, clean-energy sectors, nonlinear optical materials, lithium ion batteries, gas sensors, nanoscale switches, photocatalysts, supercapacitors, petrochemicals, pharmaceuticals etc. Nano clusters of Copper sulfides (CuS) have paramount importance due to its significant adsorption property and non-toxic behavior. In this analysis, nanoalloy clusters of (CuS)n; (n=1-8) have been theoretically analyzed in terms of Conceptual Density Functional Theory (CDFT) based descriptors, aiming to explore its electronic and other properties. 3d modeling and structural optimization of all the compounds have been performed invoking Gaussian 03 within Density Functional Theory framework. Global DFT based descriptors have been computed for ground state configurations and low-lying isomers of (CuS)n clusters. Computed HOMO-LUMO gaps, lying in the range of 1.25 – 3.53 eV, indicate that (CuS)n clusters may be utilized as renewable energy sources specially in photocatalysis and solar cell applications. A statistical correlation has been established between electronic and photo-catalytic properties of copper-sulfide clusters with their computational counterparts. The close agreement between experimental and computed data establishes efficacy of our analytical approach.
[AdvancedMaterialsPoster14]
Competitive Crystallization and Complex Phases in Amorphous Aluminum-rare-earth Alloys Ralph.
Napolitano
1 ; Matthew.
Kramer
2 ; Lin.
Zhou
2 ;
1Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, United States;
2Ames Laboratory, Ames, United States;
Paper Id: 308
[Abstract] Amorphous alloys of Al-Sm exhibit competitive devitrification behavior upon reheating, involving competition between multiple metastable phases. These include large-unit-cell phases with cubic, hexagonal, and tetragonal symmetry, along with more conventional stable and metastable compounds of the AlxSm variety. Phase selection during crystallization is strongly path dependent, owing to effects of non-crystalline ordering and the role of diffusion and chemical partitioning in the morphological dynamics. In this work, devitrification kinetics are investigated and quantified using high energy X-ray diffraction, thermal analysis, and electron microscopy, including state of the art in situ TEM/STEM. Measurements are related to system thermodynamics in the highly driven regime highlighting principles of selection. Implications with respect to other Al-RE (rare-earth) systems are also discussed. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Science, Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering. The research was performed at the Ames Laboratory, operated for the U.S. Department of Energy by Iowa State University under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11358.
[AdvancedMaterialsPoster15]
Metal Clusters on Semiconductor Surfaces for Catalysis Applications Gunther.
Andersson
1 ;
1Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia;
Paper Id: 311
[Abstract] Metal clusters have unique properties that change with the type and number of atoms that form the cluster. Metal clusters typically consist of less than about 100 atoms, are atomically precise and thus have specific size and shape. As a consequence of this, clusters also have discrete, individual electron energy levels, which i) differ from the levels in the constituting individual atoms and ii) depend on the number of atoms in the cluster. Due to their unique, size-dependent electronic properties, some metal clusters have been termed "superatoms" and can be considered as the 3rd dimension of the Periodic Table. Conceptually, the ability to control the size and energy levels of a metal cluster is ideal for modifying semiconductor surfaces, however, to date this is a rather challenging subject. Depositing metal clusters onto semiconductor surfaces allows the modification of the electronic properties and chemical composition of the semiconductor surface precisely and independently from the properties of the bulk material. In the present work we are using mainly ligand-protected, chemically made metal clusters. Cluster modified surfaces have potential in catalysis applications which could lead to harvesting solar energy and converting into fuels.
For analysing all stages of the process of depositing clusters onto semiconductor surfaces electron spectroscopy techniques (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS)), scanning techniques (atomic force microscopy (AFM)) and microscopy (scanning) transmission electron microscopy (STEM and TEM) have been employed. Subsequent to deposition also the electronic and conformational structure have been analysed because these are the two properties which are believed to play the crucial role in catalysis. Metastable induced electron spectroscopy (MIES) has been used for determining the electronic structure of deposited clusters. Results of photocatalytic reactions will be shown.
| SESSION:Non-ferrousPoster | Barrios International Symposium on Sustainable Non-ferrous Smelting and Hydro/Electrochemical Processing (5th Intl. Symp. on Sustainable Non-ferrous Smelting and Hydro/Electrochemical Processing) |
| | Room: Condesa Foyer |
| Poster Session | 22-26 Oct, 2017 |
[Non-ferrousPoster1]
Extraction and Separation of Thorium from Monizite Leach Liquor Chul Joo.
Kim
1 ; Ho-sung.
Yoon
1 ; Kyeong Woo.
Chung
1 ;
1Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM), Daejeon, Korea (Republic of [South] Korea);
Paper Id: 49
[Abstract] There are two hundred varieties of minerals containing rare earth elements (REEs). Among all, only three minerals namely bastnaesite, monazite and xenotime are having the significant amount of the REEs. Monazite, being the second abundant source of rare earth, contains radioactivity elements such as thorium. In hydrometallurgical process for recovery of REEs from monazite ores, thorium is discharged as radioactivity residue/slag which does not only harm to environment and human beings. Therefore, thorium has been considered as unwelcome material incorporated in monazite. However, the demand of thorium is increasing day-by-day due to its diversity of industrial applications. Especially, interest in the commercialization of a thorium fuel cycle for generating nuclear power has been lately much increased.
Hydrometallurgy is the most important field in metal recovery technology. For thorium recovery from monazite, solvent extraction is the key technique and most reliable method to reach target metal recovery with as much as minimum waste generation. In this work, the separation and recovery of thorium from monazite ore leach liquors by use of solvent extraction method were studied. Five different types of extractant were tested and the better extractant systems were identified. Further, separation of REEs from thorium, scrubbing of the co-extracted elements was studied. Finally, the recovery studies were established.
More details will be discussed in the presentation
| SESSION:RecyclingPoster | 5th Intl. Symp. on Sustainable Materials Recycling Processes and Products |
| | Room: Condesa Foyer |
| Poster Session | 22-26 Oct, 2017 |
[RecyclingPoster1]
Diffusion Behavior of Rare Earth Elements Contained in Permanent Magnet with Molten Bismuth by Pyrometallurgical Process Sunwoo.
Nam
1 ; Sardar Farhat.
Abbas
1 ; Young-soo.
Kim
1 ; Dae-kyeom.
Kim
1 ; Do Hyang.
Kim
2 ; Taek-soo.
Kim
1 ;
1KITECH, Incheon, Korea (Republic of [South] Korea);
2Yonsei University,, Seoul, Korea (Republic of [South] Korea);
Paper Id: 62
[Abstract] Recently, the extraction behavior of rare earth elements(REEs) contained in permanent magnets has been studied by hydrometallurgical using chemical solutions and pyrometallurgical process using molten magnesium.
In order to explore new and better extractant in pyrometallurgical process, the authors used molten bismuth.
To investigate the characteristics of diffusion in REEs(Nd, Dy)-Bi couple, an assessment of both reaction and diffusion of Nd and Dy in molten bismuth was carried out. For identification of the reaction mechanism, the effects of experimental parameters such as temperature (range of 573K to 973K) and holding time (from 0 to 24hour) were investigated. Diffusion of REE from the Nd-Fe-B magnet into molten Bi was found to occur at a higher rate than molten Mg, and the reaction rate was varied depending on the temperature and time. The diffusion behaviors were analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS), and the constituent phases were characterized using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). It was found out that 500E is the critical temperature for extraction and diffusion of REE(Nd, Dy) by Bi.
[RecyclingPoster2]
Complex Treatment of Wastes from Castings Production Alena.
Pribulova
1 ; Peter.
Futas
2 ; Jozef.
Petrik
3 ; Marianna.
Bartosova
4 ;
1Technical university in Kosice, Faculty of Metallurgy, Kosice, Slovakia (Slovak Republic);
2Tecnical university of Kosice, Kosice, Slovakia (Slovak Republic);
3Technical university of Kosice, Kosice, Slovakia (Slovak Republic);
4Technical university in Kosice, Faculty of metallurgy, Kosice, Slovakia (Slovak Republic);
Paper Id: 71
[Abstract] Slovakia is a country with a very fast-growing automotive industry. In 2016 in Slovakia more then one million cars were made. Slovakia ranks first with the production of 183 cars per 1,000 citizens. Cars production is closely linked to the castings and machines production. Slovak foundry industry is currently primarily focused on castings for various cars brands. Many cars producers today require not only a declaration of castings production quality but also declaration of minimalization the impact of their production on the environment.
Given contribution deals with an analyse of the impact of steel and cast iron castings production on the environment and complex treatment of wastes originating in the castings production. Steel and iron castings production is connected with the origin of three main types of wastes: dust, slag and used sand and core mixtures. Dust is generated at all stages of castings production from charging in to the melting aggregate, through melting, casting, and machining of castings. The type and amount of slag depends on the melting unit. Used sand and core mixtures feature the largest share of wastes from the castings production.
This paper will discuss the possibilities of processing these three basic wastes and their reusing in production process in foundry.
[RecyclingPoster3]
Value Addition of LD Slag at Tata Steel by Effective Utilization of Non-metallic Fines for Possible Industrial Applications Shrenivas.
Ashrit
1 ; Ravikrishna.
Chatti
1 ; Supriya.
Sarkar
1 ; Venugopal.
Rayasam
2 ; Udayabhanu.
Gopalakrishnan Nair
2 ;
1Tata Steel Limited, Jamshedpur, Jamshedpur, India;
2INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY (INDIAN SCHOOL OF MINES), DHANBAD, Dhanbad, India;
Paper Id: 226
[Abstract] LD slag (Linz Donawitz slag) is one of the major industrial by-products generated during steel making in the integrated Tata Steel plant at Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, India. The plant uses approximately 25 million tons of iron ore and coal/coke blend every year to produce about 10 million tons of steel. Hot metal or molten iron from the blast furnace is transferred into vessels called torpedoes and transported on rail tracks to the LD shops. Here, the molten iron is refined into steel using the ‘basic oxygen furnace’ (BOF) method. In a steel industry, all the three types of waste materials (gaseous, liquid and solid) are generated. The generation of gaseous waste material is the highest, but the management of solid waste material is the most intricate. The steel slag generated from LD converter (steel making) is dumped in pits and allowed to cool by sprinkling water. The solidified steel slag is then sent to a waste recycling plant (WRP) for recovery of the metallic and non-metallic portions. The quantity of non-metallic portion of (-6.0mm) LD Slag fines after the recovery of metallic portion is around 40000MT/Month, which is close to 5 Lakh tons per annum. The present study aims at value addition of this enormous amount of non-metallic slag by a chemical process to obtain “yellow gypsum”, which has a wide range of industrial and agricultural applications. The authors have characterized this material using techniques such as x-ray diffraction (XRD), chemical analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared analysis (FTIR), and Raman spectroscopy. The authors have also discussed the applicability of this material for different applications. An Indian patent application (572/KOL/2014) has been filed for this material.
| SESSION:EnvironmentalPoster | 6th Intl. Symp. on Environmental, Health, Policy, Legal, Management and Social Issues Related to Metals, Materials and Mineral Processing |
| | Room: Condesa Foyer |
| Poster Session | 22-26 Oct, 2017 |
[EnvironmentalPoster1]
Profitable Texnology for Processing of Gold-Containing Copper-Zinc Ore Tsisana.
Gagnidze
1 ; Rusudan.
Chagelishvili
1 ;
1Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, Rafael Agladze Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Tbilisi, Georgia;
Paper Id: 87
[Abstract] Elaboration of profitable technology for processing of copper-zinc ores of Madneuli deposit is an important problem for Georgian economics. Typicality of mentioned problems is also lied in the fact that up to 40% of copper-zinc ore is mined and stored on the quarry walls, which hinders the further expansion of the quarry on the mining of main copper ore.
Because of t6he complexity of mineral composition of mentioned ore as wellas of the mutual coalescence of valuable components and similarity of the properties of copper and zinc minerals the flotation enrichment if the ores by preparation of the concentrates of separate metals is a very complex task whereas the preparation combined concentrate is possible without the essential losses of main components.
The conditions of flotation enrichment of copper-zinc ore of Madneuli deposit were selected and the corresponding concentrate was obtained.
The conditions of sulfatizing roasting and leaching of a cinder were determined allowing to exstract 90-95% of Cu; 85-99% of ZnSO4 in the form of corresponding sulfates.
The technological scheme of processing of copper-zinc ore with a preparation of the copper vitriol and brass ligature was elaborated.
It was established that the exstraction of gold and silver is possible from the residues by thiocarbamide method by high idexes : 95.9% and 82.4%, respectively.
As a result of processing of one ton of copper-zinc concentrate the preparation of 343 kg of copper vitriol and of 108 kg of 50 % of brass is possible at transparent extraction of Cu-98%, Zn-92% and 430kg of solid residue containing 7g (16.2g/t) of Au and 9g (20.9g/t) of Ag.
| SESSION:RarePoster | 4th Intl. Symp. on Rare Earth and Platinum Group Metals: Managing and Processing |
| | Room: Condesa Foyer |
| Poster Session | 22-26 Oct, 2017 |
[RarePoster1]
Selective Recovery of Rare earth elements from NdFeB powders by using caustic digestion and oxidation roasting Ho-sung.
Yoon
1 ; Chul Joo.
Kim
1 ; Kyeong Woo.
Chung
1 ;
1Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM), Daejeon, Korea (Republic of [South] Korea);
Paper Id: 50
[Abstract] With increasing use of NdFeB magnets, an abundance of waste magnets has been gradually released from end-of-life devices and systems. In addition, the generation of scrap materials is simultaneously increasing because more than 20% of the input amount is discharged as waste scrap during the manufacturing process. Therefore, their recycling has attracted much attention and several methods based on pyro/hydro-metallurgy for recovering valuable metals from magnet alloys have been developed.
Hydrometallurgical process consists of leaching, separation and purification and recovery of rare earth elements(REEs) as compounds and metals. Upon the application of NdFeB powders to acid leaching without pretreatment, iron as well as REEs are leached, which consumes large amount of acid and generated the large amount of FeSO4 waste solution. To avoid this, oxidation roasting and acid leaching of NdFeB powders have been suggested, however, this methods shows still relatively high leaching of iron due to the formation of mixed oxide, FeNdO3.
In this work, caustic digestion and oxidation roasting method is suggested. In alkaline region, neodymium and iron can be transformed to neodymium hydroxide and magnetite like this. Then oxidation roasting of these powders gives rise to the formation of neodymium oxides and iron oxides, respectively. The leaching of resultant powders reveals high recovery yield of REEs of more than 90% and very low recovery yield of iron of below 1%.
More details will be discussed in the presentation.
[RarePoster2]
Precipitation Properties of Neodymium and Dysprosium Double Salt in Sulfuric Acid Leaching Solution from Permanent Magnet Scrap Chul Joo.
Kim
1 ; Ho-sung.
Yoon
1 ; Kyeong Woo.
Chung
1 ;
1Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM), Daejeon, Korea (Republic of [South] Korea);
Paper Id: 51
[Abstract] In this study, the precipitation of rare earth-sodium sulfate was conducted in order to separate rare earth from Fe in rare earth sulfate solution. The rare earth sulfate solution could be obtained by sulfuric acid leaching of waste permanent magnet scrap oxidizing-roasted. The method of double salt precipitation was used for the selective recovery of rare earth elements from leach liquor. Rare earth elements could be precipitated as a form of sodium rare earth sulfate with sodium sulfate in sulfuric media. Therefore the effects of sodium sulfate, reaction temperature and reaction time on the recovery of rare earth element were surveyed during double salt precipitation. Neodymium(Nd) was easily precipitated as Nd-sulfate salt with sodium sulfate, on the other hand, excessive sodium sulfate was needed for the precipitation of Dy-sulfate salt. Also neodymium not only promoted the precipitation of dysprosium sulfate salt but also increased recovery of dysprosium sulfate salt in sulfuric acid solution. At the condition of 60E precipitation temperature, 3h reaction time, 7 equivalents sodium sulfate, the recovery of neodymium and dysprosium sulfate salt was 99.7% and 94.3% respectively from the sulfuric acid solution containing Nd of 23.39mg/ml and Dy of 8.67mg/ml.
[RarePoster3]
Recovery of Rare Earths Elements from Neodymium Magnets using Solvent Extraction: the Effect of Diluents Marino.
Gergoric
1 ; Teodora.
Retegan
1 ;
1Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden;
Paper Id: 72
[Abstract] Rare earth elements (REEs) have become vital components in a wide range of industrial applications. The demand for the REEs has grown significantly in the last few decades.Today, despite lower prices than in 2011, they are classified as the highest supply risk elements in the EU; thus new incentives for recycling the REEs out of electronic scrap were brought forth. End-of-life neodymium magnets are a viable source for the recovery of some REEs. Although mainly iron alloys, these materials contain neodymium, dysprosium and small admixtures of praseodymium and terbium. Leaching followed by solvent extraction of the REEs out of the leachate is an attractive and efficient way of recycling these elements out of end-of-life neodymium magnets. The issues that are encountered along this recycling path is the separation of the REEs from the other elements that are dissolved with the REEs into the leachate and achieving high separation factors between the REEs from each other. Extracting agents such as D2EHPA (di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid) and TODGA (tetraoctyl diglycolamide) have been previously used for achieving good separation of the REEs under specific extraction conditions. This research has focused on the development and optimization of REE extraction from real commercial waste sources, the nitric acid and sulfuric acid media leachates of the neodymium magnet waste, using TODGA and D2EHPA as extracting agents, respectively. Selective REE extraction from the solution with minimal or no co-extraction of other elements in the leachate is hoped to provide a novel route to a commercially viable route to recyclable REE products. The composition of the organic phase was investigated in order to study the effect of the diluent on the overall extraction process, a well-known optimization parameter, however infrequently used. The effect of the diluent on the separation factors was also discussed as well as some characteristics of the aqueous phase on the overall extraction process. The named extractants were used at various concentrations in different diluents like solvent 70, hexane, octane, cyclohexanone, toluene, 1-octanol and chloroform. Both extractants showed good selectivity concerning the extraction of the REEs out of the neodymium magnet waste leachates.
| SESSION:MoltenPoster | Gaune-Escard International Symposium on Sustainable Molten Salt and Ionic Liquid Processing (5th Intl. Symp. on Sustainable Molten Salt and Ionic Liquid Processing) |
| | Room: Condesa Foyer |
| Poster Session | 22-26 Oct, 2017 |
[MoltenPoster1]
Electrodeposition of Molybdenum Carbide onto the Surfaces of Disperse Dielectric and Semiconductor Materials Viktor.
Malyshev
1 ; Dmytro.
Shakhnin
2 ; Angelina.
Gab
1 ; Alla.
Suschenko
1 ; Marcelle.
Gaune Escard
3 ;
1University "Ukraine", Kyiv, Ukraine;
2V.I. Vernadsky Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine;
3AIX-MARSEILLE UNIVERSITE/POLYTECH, CNRS/IUSTI UMR7343, Marseille, France;
Paper Id: 98
[Abstract] The present work is devoted to determining the conditions of carrying out high-temperature electrochemical synthesis (HTES) on surfaces of high-resistance dielectrics (HRD) and semiconductors (SC)in ionic melts. These considerations are based on the thermodynamic analysis of reactions of diamonds, boron nitride, and silicon and boron carbides with ionic melts, on experimental studies of their electrochemical behavior, and on evaluation of the possibility for using HTES in molten systems.
[MoltenPoster2]
Conductivity Evaluation of (LiCl-KCl)eut. Based Molten Mixtures Containing Rare Earth and Uranium Chlorides Alexei.
Potapov
1 ; Alexander.
Salyulev
1 ;
1Institute of High Temperature Electrochemistry, Ekaterinburg, Russian Federation;
Paper Id: 43
[Abstract] At the nitride spent nuclear fuel (SNF) pyrochemical reprocessing, the SNF components are transferred into the molten LiCl - KCl eutectic and then the components of the mixture are electrochemically separated.The aim of this work is to develop the method to estimate the electrical conductivity of the LiCl-KCl based melts containing rare earth and uranium chlorides. The electrical conductivity is a non-additive property; therefore a simple summation of the conductivities gives a significantly overvalued result. For example, deviations of the electrical conductivity of the molten (LiCl-KCl)eut. + NdCl3 mixture from the additive values increase and reach ~ 80 - 90% as the NdCl3 concentration increases.
The stronger interaction in the system results in the greater deviation of its properties from the additivity. Systems composed of (LiCl-KCl)eut. and CeCl3, NdCl3, etc., are systems with strong interaction. However, if we for summation to consider binary systems such as ((LiCl-KCl)eut. + CeCl3), ((LiCl-KCl)eut. + NdCl3), ((LiCl-KCl)eut. + UCl3), then their mixtures will form a systems with a weak interaction and the additive conductivity will differ slightly from the real value. For example, to estimate the electrical conductivity of the (LiCl-KCl)eut. - 1.51%CeCl3 +
+ 2.31%NdCl3 + 2.31mol.% UCl3 system, we used data on conductivity of the ((LiCl-KCl)eut. - CeCl3), ((LiCl-KCl)eut. - NdCl3) and ((LiCl-KCl)eut. - UCl3) systems, on which we have reliable experimental data. In this case the additive conductivity, calculated by the above mentioned technique coincides with the experimentally obtained values, within experimental error (�1.5%).
In the present work different approaches to calculate the electrical conductivity of complex mixtures are considered.
[MoltenPoster3]
Maximum on Molten TeCl4 Electrical Conductivity Polytherm Alexander.
Salyulev
1 ; Alexei.
Potapov
1 ;
1Institute of High Temperature Electrochemistry, Ekaterinburg, Russian Federation;
Paper Id: 44
[Abstract] It is assumed that electrical conductivity polytherms of molten salts should pass through a maximum if the measurements were carried out up to sufficiently high temperatures. However, due to the experimental difficulties, the maxima were found only in a limited number of molten salts. The high vapor pressures over the salts (tens atmospheres) at high temperatures are the main obstacle at measurements.
In this work, we constructed a quartz cell of capillary type, specifically designed to measure electrical conductivity at high temperatures and pressures. Using the cell we measured the electrical conductivity of molten TeCl4 through a temperature range from 536 K to 761 K, i.e. 106 degrees above the normal boiling point of the salt and 93 degrees above the maximum temperature reported in previous studies.
The experimental points were approximated by the following equation:
κ = 1.5946�10-2 - 2.1901�10-3T + 7.5740�10-6T2 - 5.6833�10-9T3, S/cm
For the first time the maximum on the conductivity polytherm of molten TeCl4 was experimentally found. κmax = 0.245 S/cm. Both at heating and at cooling, the maximum was recorded at 705 K.
The activation energy of electrical conductivity of molten TeCl4 decreases from 20.5 kJ/mol at 536 K to zero near 705 K and then to -7.5 kJ/mol at 761 K.
The reasons for the appearance of maxima on the conductivity polytherms of molten tellurium tetrachloride are discussed. In general, the appearance of conductivity maxima probably is connected to the different temperature dependence of ions mobility, density and ionization degree of the salt molecules.
[MoltenPoster4]
Electrical Conductivity and Raman Spectra of Molten GaCl3 PCl5 Mixtures Alexander.
Salyulev
1 ; Alexei.
Potapov
1 ; Emma.
Vovkotrub
1 ;
1Institute of High Temperature Electrochemistry, Ekaterinburg, Russian Federation;
Paper Id: 45
[Abstract] Molten GaCl3 - PCl5 mixtures are of practical interest, for example in new power sources design.
In this work we first measured the electrical conductivity of GaCl3 - PCl5 mixtures. The measurements were carried out using quartz capillary cells with Ni- or W-electrodes at the input frequency of 10 kHz. For the first time Raman spectra of the mixtures were obtained by the Renishaw U1000 spectrometer with Ar+ - laser. All measurements were carried out in sealed off cells.
In spite of the fact that upon melting individual GaCl3 and PCl5 salts form molecular melts with a very low conductivity (k < 110-7 S/cm), we found that the conductivity of GaCl3 - PCl5 mixtures is higher by several orders of magnitude (210-3 - 110-1 S/cm at 20-340 C) than that of individual molten GaCl3 and PCl5. This is caused by the interaction of GaCl3 and PCl5 molecules, which results in their ionization and formation of PCl4+ complex cations and GaCl4-, Ga2Cl7- anions.
Based on spectroscopic data, we found that in the GaCl3 - PCl5 system as the phosphorus pentachloride concentration gradually increases from 0 to 100% the liquid phase composition changes as follows:
Molecular Ionic Ionic Molecular
melt melt melt melt
Ga2Cl6 = PCl4+ + GaCl4- = PCl4+ + Ga2Cl7- = PCl5 .
Keywords: GaCl3 - PCl5 melts, electrical conductivity, Raman spectra
[MoltenPoster5]
Synthesis of Mesoporous Materials in Molten Electrolyte Evgeniya.
Nikitina
1 ; Nikolay.
Tkachev
1 ; Natalja.
Kazakovtseva
1 ; Eduard.
Karfidov
1 ; Mikhail.
Maikov
1 ;
1Institute of High Temperature Electrochemistry, Ekaterinburg, Russian Federation;
Paper Id: 54
[Abstract] Mesoporous substances are used as catalysts, adsorbents, sensors, materials for optics, electronics and medicine. They are highly structured to 3-10 nm diameter pore level, which suggests wide horizons of the use of metal nano foams and composites based on them. Vast field of research in this area includes variation of the composition, thickness of the oxide layer, control and management functionality and geometry of the pores.
Our aims are to understand the processes, which occur in the selective dissolution in a molten salt electrolyte, and preparation of a porous material. Copper alloys having higher electrical and thermal conductivity to more active ingredients such as zinc and aluminum, are promising targets for the study of the synthesis and selective dissolution with developed surface structures and metallic conductivity. Use of molten salts as an electrolyte in the selective anodic dissolution of metallic materials will prevent application of aqueous solutions and will significantly intensify the dissolution process due to the high temperature.
We have obtained new experimental data on the anode selective dissolution of copper alloys with zinc and nickel in molten alkali halides at different temperatures. Gravimetry, open circuit potential methods and CVA were performed. The structure of alloys was analyzed by SEM and BET methods.
[MoltenPoster6]
Study of the Influence Alkaline Earth Metal Cations on the Electrochemical Behavior of the Redox Couple Nb(V)/Nb(IV) in Alkali Halide Melt Sergey.
Kuznetsov
1 ; Darja.
Vetrova
1 ;
1Institute of Chemistry, Kola Science Centre RAS, Apatity, Russian Federation;
Paper Id: 84
[Abstract] The aim of the present investigation was the study of charge transfer kinetics for the redox couple Nb(V)/Nb(IV) in the NaCl-KCl (equimolar mixture)-NaF(10 wt.%)-K2NbF7 melt and the estimation of the alkaline earth metal cations influence on the standard rate constants of charge transfer (ks) for this redox couple.
The redox process Nb(V) + e- <-> Nb(IV) in the (NaCl-KCl)eq.-NaF (10 wt %)-K2NbF7 melt was studied by cyclic voltammetry. The standard rate constants of charge transfer for the redox couple Nb(V)/Nb(IV) were calculated based on the Nicholsons equation.
Influence of strongly polarizing cations of Mg2+, Ca2+, Sr2+ and Ba2+ on the standard rate constants of charge transfer for the redox couple Nb(V)/Nb(IV) was studied. It was found that addition of alkaline earth metal cations to the initial alkali chloride-fluoride melt resulted in increasing of ks up to the certain mole ratio of Me2+/Nb(V), which was inversely proportional to the ionic potential of cations. The increase of ks is connected with the substitution of Na+ and K+ cations by strongly polarizing cations in the second coordination sphere of niobium complexes that led to increasing of the bond distance between Nb and F ligands and decreasing of niobium fluoride complexes strength.
It was determined the linear dependence of ks on ionic potential of alkaline earth metal cations and the maximum value was obtained for complexes with outer sphere cation of magnesium.
Acknowledgments
The work was financially supported by Russian Foundation for Basic Research (15-03-02290_a).
[MoltenPoster7]
Electrochemical Utilization of Carbon Dioxide in Molten Salts Sergei.
Kuleshov
1 ; Inessa.
Novoselova
1 ;
1Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Kiev, Ukraine;
Paper Id: 101
[Abstract] Despite the severe international policies for carbon dioxide (CO2) emission, it continues to accumulate in the atmosphere at a rapid space. Among the electrochemical processes, the electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide is considered as one of the most promising ways for converting the vast quantities of negative value CO2 to high added value fuels and chemicals.
The CO2 gas can be utilized as a precursor of carbon for the high-temperature electrochemical synthesis (HTES) of powders of carbon nanomaterials (CNM) of different structures (carbon tubes, fibers, amorphous carbon) and refractory metals carbides (Mo2C, WC) in molten salts.
The purpose of the present work is the development of physical-chemical basis of HTES of pointed compounds.
The electrochemical reduction of tungsten and carbon from their different oxygen-containing compounds, separately and simultaneously, was studied at Pt, GC, W cathodes in the chloride-oxide melts by the method of cyclic voltammetry. Optimum conditions for obtaining of highly dispersed powders of CNM and refractory metals carbides have been found. The properties of produced materials were analyzed by XRD, SEM, Raman- and ESR spectroscopy, BET and BJH methods.
Obtained materials may be used as a potential electrocatalyst for the PEM fuel cell application, methanol electrooxidation and hydrogen evolution reaction. The estimation of electrocatalytic activity of tungsten carbides with the surface area of 25 m2g-1 was carried out for the reaction of I2 evolution in acid electrolytes.
Present investigations have shown that it is possible to produce by the electrolytic method the composition mixtures of nanosized powders of refractory metals carbides (Mo2C, WC and W2C) and CNM of different composition with unique properties for electrocatalysis.
[MoltenPoster8]
Physicochemical and Electrochemical Properties of Dicyanamide Based Ionic Liquids with &#947; Butyrolactone as Electrolyte for Lithium Ion Batteries Slobodan.
Gadzuric
1 ; Nebojsa.
Zec
1 ; Milan.
Vranes
1 ; Marija.
Bester Rogac
2 ; Nikola.
Cvjeticanin
3 ;
1Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia and Montenegro (formerly Yugoslavia);
2Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia;
3Faculty of Physical Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia and Montenegro (formerly Yugoslavia);
Paper Id: 118
[Abstract] Due to the favorable physical and chemical properties of ionic liquids (ILs), such as negligible vapor pressure, non-flammability, biodegradability and recyclability, they became interesting for a wide range of applications as potentially green solvents associated with little waste, risk and hazard problems. Since the ionic liquids are essentially ionic conductors, their utilization as novel electrolytes for electrochemical devices, such as lithium-ion batteries has also been subject of intense studies. Exchange of common organic solvents by ILs can enhance the safety of lithium-ion batteries. The high viscosity of ILs, which is a limiting factor for their practical application can be overcome by mixing ILs with appropriate molecular solvents.
Ionic liquids with dicyanamide anion (DCA) were investigated due to their properties such as low melting point and low viscosity, efficient mass transport and a high electrical conductivity. Due to the coordinating ability of the DCA anion, metal salts are often better soluble in dicyanamide based ionic liquids. Also, they are not moisture sensitive and have wide electrochemical window which makes them good candidates for electrochemical devices.
Molecular liquid y-butyrolactone (GBL) has a high boiling point, low melting point and low vapor pressure. The GBL is also a non-corrosive liquid suitable for electrochemical cells operating over a wide temperature range for a long time. These properties make GBL a good solvent candidate to be used to improve volumetric and transport properties of ILs. Thus, GBL is usually applied as a solvent in the new generation of lithium-ion batteries and electrochemical devices since the polarity of GBL provides excellent solvation of lithium ions and the increasing conductivity.
Density, viscosity and electrical conductivity of [BMPYR][DCA] and [BMIM][DCA] binary mixtures with GBL were examined in the temperature range from (273.15 to 323.15) K and at atmospheric pressure. The results are compared with those obtained in our previous studies of the systems with bis(trifluoromethylsulfonylimide) (NTf2) based ionic liquids containing the same cations. After that, lithium salt was added at the appropriate IL-GBL mixtures and physicochemical properties, electrochemical and thermal properties were investigated. The systems with DCA show higher values of electrical conductivity, lower viscosities and better electrochemical and thermal stability compared with NTf2 based ionic liquids. The most suitable ternary mixtures for the application as the electrolyte in lithioum ion batteries were tested together with anatase TiO2 nanotube arrays (NTAs) electrode. Also, cyclic voltammetry experiments are performed at different temperatures and scan rates.
[MoltenPoster9]
Inhibition Properties of Imidazolium Based Ionic Liquids for Copper Corrosion Protection Gyongyi.
Vastag
1 ; Slobodan.
Gadzuric
1 ; Milan.
Vranes
1 ; Aleksandar.
Tot
1 ; Nebojsa.
Zec
1 ; Abdul.
Shaban
2 ;
1Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia and Montenegro (formerly Yugoslavia);
2Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary;
Paper Id: 119
[Abstract] 1-alkyl-3-ethylimidazolium bromide ionic liquids (alkyl = ethyl, butyl, hexyl and octyl) were investigated experimentally and theoretically as a potential inhibitors of copper corrosion in acidic media. These ionic liquids are selected to study an effect of the alkyl chain length at the position N-3, since so far only ionic liquids with different alkyl substituents at the position N-1 were investigated. An improved inhibitory properties of the investigated ionic liquids against corrosion of copper in acidic solution at the given conditions are confirmed. Based on the obtained Fukui functions influence of inductive effect of ethyl/methyl group on the inhibitory activity is also discussed.
[MoltenPoster10]
Aggregation Behavior of New Thiazolium-Based Surface-Active Ionic Liquids and Salts - Experimental and DFT Study Milan.
Vranes
1 ; Slobodan.
Gadzuric
1 ; Snezana.
Papovic
1 ; Aleksandar.
Tot
1 ; Marija.
Bester Rogac
2 ; Jovana.
Panic
1 ;
1Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia and Montenegro (formerly Yugoslavia);
2Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia;
Paper Id: 135
[Abstract] Two thiazolium-based surface active agents, ionic liquid (SAIL), N-dodecyl-thiazolium bromide and low melting point salt, N-dodecyl-4-methylithiazolium bromide were newly synthesized and their thermal stability were determined by TG and DSC. Antibacterial activity of these SAILs was determined by disc diffusion method on Gram-negative bacteria Pseudomonas aerugonosa and Escherichia coli as well on Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes. The self-assembly behaviors of newly synhesized SAILs in aqueous solutions were systematically explored. Results of surface tension and conductivity measurements showed that both surfactants display a superior surface activity in aqueous solutions compared to the imidazolium-based SAIL, 1-dodecyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide (C12mimBr). Thermodynamic parameters of micelle formation were calculated and these parameters were related with results obtained from volumetric measurements. DFT calculations showed that methyl group on the thiazole ring has important role in the formation of micelles.
[MoltenPoster11]
Relation of Thermodynamic Data with Periodic Law Valery.
Vassiliev
1 ; Valery.
Lysenko
1 ; Marcelle.
Gaune Escard
2 ;
1Lomonossov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation;
2Polytech, Marseille, France;
Paper Id: 157
[Abstract] The purpose of this work is to apply the "tetrad-effect" concept to the analysis, correction and prediction of thermodynamic data for lanthanides (Ln), this "tetrad-effect" being related to the 4f-electrons therein (Ln: La-Lu ; atomic numbers: 57-71). The standard thermodynamic parameters in the solid state also obey the same concept for binary compounds of lanthanides with other elements of the Periodic Table. If the tetrad-effect is observed to be related to structural parameters in isostructural compounds (such as unit cell volume or shortest distances between the Ln-second element atoms), this phenomenon should also be extended to the other physicochemical properties of solids. Should this tetrad-effect of physical and chemical properties not be observed in some isostructural lanthanide compounds, this might indicate an experimental inaccuracy in the determination of these properties.
Available information on the thermodynamic properties of lanthanide compounds is usually limited due to great experimental difficulties in the investigation of lanthanide systems, difficulties due to their high reactivity (especially, light lanthanides) and their instability in the air. Typically, lanthanide alloys decompose into Ln2O3 and free nanoparticles of the second component when coming into contact with atmospheric air. The use of the tetrad-effect concept can facilitate the prediction of lacking thermodynamic data for the lanthanide compounds [1,2].<br />The standard entropies and entropies of formation of lanthanide compounds are the thermodynamic functions the most sensitive to tetrad-effect, because they are the most susceptible to be influenced by the 4f-electrons of lanthanides.
As an example, we used the tetrad-effect concept for the analysis and prediction of the standard entropies of Ln<sub>2</sub>X<sub>3</sub> (X=O, S, Se, Te) solid phases, but this approach can also be applicable to other classes of Ln compounds such as LnN, LnB<sub>2</sub>, LnB<sub>4</sub>, LnB<sub>6</sub>, LnF<sub>3</sub> and other compounds. The tetrad-effect concept gives us the ability to develop a solid state chemistry theory for lanthanide alloys. We have demonstrated that the concept of tetrad effect and the symmetrical function: a<sub>0</sub> + a<sub>1</sub>x + a<sub>2</sub>x<sup>2</sup> + a<sub>4</sub>x<sup>4</sup> (a<sub>i</sub> are the fitting parameters and x=(N - N<sub>Gd</sub>), where N is the atomic number of lanthanideandN<sub>Gd</sub>is the atomic number ofGd) can be used successfully for the analysis and prediction of the standard entropies at 298 K of solid lanthanide compounds. Experimental and calculated standard entropies at 298 K are given for the Ln<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, Ln<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub>, Ln<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>3</sub>, Ln<sub>2</sub>Te<sub>3</sub> solid compounds.
[MoltenPoster12]
Specific Electrical Conductivity in Solid and Molten CsH2PO4 and Cs2H2P2O7 A Potentially New Electrolyte for Water Electrolysis at ~225-400 C Aleksey.
Nikiforov
1 ; Rolf.
Berg
2 ; Niels.
Bjerrum
3 ;
1Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark;
2Technical University of Denmark, Department of Chemistry, Lyngby, Denmark;
3Technical University of Denmark, Department of Energy Conversion and Storage, Lyngby, Denmark;
Paper Id: 197
[Abstract] Water electrolysis represents an attractive way of converting surplus electrical energy into hydrogen by balancing the electric grid when an increasing fraction of the power input originates from fluctuating renewable sources. Excess energy storage using fuels such as synthesis gas and methanol in electrochemical cells operating at intermediate temperature have several advantages, among which are: improved catalytic activity, effective use of waste heat, and prevention of permeability through the electrolyte. Cesium dihydrogen phosphate conductivity would be one of the key parameters directly influencing the performance of water electrolyser. Therefore the specific conductivity of this electrolyte should be carefully characterized, as it depends on several parameters, such as temperature, the exact chemical composition of the electrolyte, and humidity. All these parameters are reflected in the associated water vapor pressure above the salt. In this work, the conductivity of solid state and molten CsH2PO4 was carefully examined in the temperature interval 220 - 400 C with 2 C steps and under its own vapor pressure of H2O in a sealed ampoule system. Additionally, conductivities of mixtures composed of CsH2PO4 and different contents of water and/or CsPO3 were examined and compared with values corresponding to pure CsH2PO4. H-cells fabricated from quartz were used to determine the conductivity of the synthesized CsH2PO4 and mixtures of it with water or CsPO3. Molten CsH2PO4 above 347 C and under its own vapor pressure represents a liquid with an extremely high conductivity of 0.2 S*cm-1. By further heating from that temperature the conductivity still increases until it reaches values above 0.25 S*cm-1 at 400 C. This increase in conductivity from below 0.1 S*cm-1 below 347 C (solid state) to 0.25 S*cm-1 at 400 C (molten state) opens new perspectives for possible applications as electrolyte in energy conversion systems at elevated temperatures.
| SESSION:BatteryPoster | 4th Intl. Symp. on Sustainable Secondary Battery Manufacturing and Recycling |
| | Room: Condesa Foyer |
| Poster Session | 22-26 Oct, 2017 |
[BatteryPoster1]
On the use of GMLS to generate a meshless discretization tool for battery failure Nathaniel.
Trask
1 ;
1Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, United States;
Paper Id: 299
[Abstract] Generalized moving least squares (GMLS) is a discretization that generates numerical solution of partial differential equations using only particle degrees of freedom and requires no underlying mesh. This makes the method ideal for problems involving complex multiphysics whose boundaries evolve over time. In particular, we are interested in developing techniques allowing the coupling of surface physics on an evolving manifold together with transport phenomena in a bulk domain. Such processes are representative of a range of mesoscale devices, and we consider a toy problem representing the mechanical degradation of a lithium ion battery which requires concurrent coupling of many physics a deposition process where mass transport of lithium ions leads to an evolving interface between active lithium particles and a surrounding carbon matrix. In turn, this swelling of the interface imparts compressive stresses on the surrounding matrix and eventually leads to fracture. We use this simplified model as a driver for the development of a new method that is able to concurrently couple bulk-manifold diffusion, manifold evolution, and linear elasticity solvers while maintaining high-order accuracy.
| SESSION:NanomaterialsPoster | 4th Intl. Symp. on Synthesis and Properties of Nanomaterials for Future Energy Demands |
| | Room: Condesa Foyer |
| Poster Session | 22-26 Oct, 2017 |
[NanomaterialsPoster1]
Platinum Nanoparticles Supported on Different Substrates as Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction Beatriz.
Ruiz Camacho
1 ; Adriana.
Medina Ramirez
2 ; Claudia.
Martinez
1 ;
1Universidad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato, Mexico;
2Universidad de Guanajuato, Campus Guanajuato, Guanajuato, Mexico;
Paper Id: 73
[Abstract] Platinum nanoparticles are highly active electrocatalyst for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). We investigated different substrates (TiO2-C, Al2O3-TiO2-C, carbon black) as support of 10wt% metal Pt. Nanostructured base platinum electrocatalysts were synthesized via ultrasound method in absence of any special capping agent or thermal treatments to reduce cost. The catalysts were characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques to investigate their structure and morphology. The electrochemical performance was evaluated using cyclic voltammetry and linear voltammetry techniques in presence and absence of methanol to analyze the tolerance to small organic molecules for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in direct methanol fuel cells (DMFC). The results obtained by these measurements were compared to those obtained with Pt/C commercial material. The crystalline structure of platinum was demonstrated by XRD. A poor distribution of platinum onto the substrates was observed by TEM images using ultrasound technique. However, the tolerance to methanol was improved by adding TiO2 to the conventional carbon support. A higher electrochemical activity for the ORR was obtained with Pt/TiO2-C material synthesized compared with the commercial sample and Pt/Al2O3-TiO2-C materials prepared. The electronic interaction of Pt with TiO2 caused a synergy effect that increases the electrochemical activity for ORR in presence of methanol.
| SESSION:EnergyPoster | Dodds International Symposium on Sustainable Energy Production (4th Intl. Symp. on Sustainable Energy Production: Fossil; Renewables; Nuclear; Waste handling , processing, and storage for all energy production technologies; Energy conservation) |
| | Room: Condesa Foyer |
| Poster Session | 22-26 Oct, 2017 |
[EnergyPoster1]
Experimental Assessment of a Lysine Derivative Surfactant for Enhanced Oil Recovery in Carbonate Rocks: Mechanistic and Core Displacement Analysis Alireza.
Rostami
1 ; Abdolnabi.
Hashemi
1 ; Mohammad Ali.
Takassi
1 ; Amin.
Zadehnazari
1 ;
1Petroleum University of Technology (PUT), Ahwaz, Iran (Islamic Republic of Iran);
Paper Id: 97
[Abstract] Enhanced oil recovery (EOR) from carbonate reservoirs is of great challenge due to the complex geology originated from high rock heterogeneity and viscous fingering phenomenon during a displacement process. One of the highly applicable EOR approaches is the utilization of surfactant especially for the aims of foam generation, wettability alteration, emulsion stability and well stimulation in petroleum industry. The Dominant mechanisms of surfactant for increasing oil production are wettability alteration of reservoir rock and interfacial tension (IFT) reduction of oil-water system resulting in higher sweep efficiency by diminishing the adverse capillary forces existing in the porous media and easier flow of the residual oil toward the producing wells. In the present study, (S) 2-amino-6-dodecanamidohexanoic acidas an amino acid-based surfactant, is proposed in order to evaluate an EOR application. Firstly, the pH, density and viscosity of the surfactant solutions were measured regarding the impact of salt concentration. Afterwards, IFT and wettability tests were conducted by means of pendent drop and sessile drop methods, respectively. The impact of salt concentration was also examined on the IFT behavior. Moreover, recovery potential of the proposed amino acid-based surfactant via core displacement test compared with a traditional brine injection process. Consequently, it is found out that increasing salt concentration has an increasing effect on both IFT trend and the values of critical micelle concentration. Additionally, change in carbonate rock wettability from oil-wet to neutral-wet was also observed. Finally, it is proved that surfactant flooding can improve the oil recovery factor more than the time at which water injection is used.
[EnergyPoster2]
Oil Production and Environmental Damage Fatemeh.
Dehghani
1 ;
1Jahad Daneshghahi University, Omidieh, Iran (Islamic Republic of Iran);
Paper Id: 24
[Abstract] Most countries depend on oil. States will go to great lengths to acquire an oil production capability or to be assured access to the free flow of oil. History has provided several examples in which states were willing to go to war to obtain oil resources or in defense of an oil producing region. States have even become involved in conflicts over areas which may only possibly contain oil resources. This trend is likely to continue in the future until a more economical resource is discovered or until the world's oil wells run dry. One problem associated with this dependence on oil is the extremely damaging effects that production, distribution, and use have on the environment. Furthermore, accidents and conflict can disrupt production or the actual oil resource, which can also result in environmental devastation. One potential solution to this problem is to devise a more environmentally-safe resource to fuel the economies of the world.
[EnergyPoster3]
Applications of Catalysts in Oil and Gas Industry Fatemeh.
Dehghani
1 ;
1Jahad Daneshghahi University, Omidieh, Iran (Islamic Republic of Iran);
Paper Id: 25
[Abstract] A catalyst is a substance which speeds up a reaction, but is chemically unchanged at the end of the reaction. Most of all commercially produced chemical products involve catalysts at some stage in the process of their manufacture. Petroleum refining makes intensive use of catalysis for alkylation, catalytic cracking, naphtha reforming and steam reforming. Even the exhaust from the burning of fossil fuels is treated via catalysis: Catalytic converters, typically composed of platinum and rhodium, break down some of the more harmful byproducts of automobile exhaust. Some of the largest-scale chemicals are produced via catalytic oxidation, often using oxygen. Many other chemical products are generated by large-scale reduction, often via hydrogenation. Bulk polymers derived from ethylene and propylene and polyesters and polyamides are often prepared via catalysis. In this paper, we discuss about uses of catalysts in oil and gas industry.
[EnergyPoster4]
Cathodic Protection and Anti-Corrosion Treatments of Galvanic and High Temperature Corrosion Fatemeh.
Dehghani
1 ;
1Jahad Daneshghahi University, Omidieh, Iran (Islamic Republic of Iran);
Paper Id: 26
[Abstract] In order for galvanic corrosion to occur, an electrically conductive path and an ionically conductive path are necessary. This affects a galvanic couple where the more active metal corrodes at an accelerated rate and the more noble metal corrodes at a retarded rate. High temperature corrosion is chemical deterioration of a material under very high temperature conditions. This non-galvanic form of corrosion can occur when a metal is subject to a high temperature atmosphere containing oxygen, sulfur or other compounds capable of oxidizing the material concerned. Cathodic protection is a method used to protect metal structures from corrosion. It is a technique to control the corrosion of a metal surface by making that surface the cathode of an electrochemical cell. Anti-corrosion treatment has been done by providing a barrier of corrosion-resistant material between the damaging environment and the structural material.
[EnergyPoster5]
Sand Production Mechanisms in an Oil Reservoir Maryam.
Dehghani
1 ;
1National Iranian South Oil Company (NISOC) - National Iranian Oil Company (NIOC), Omidieh, Iran (Islamic Republic of Iran);
Paper Id: 27
[Abstract] Sand production is a major issue during oil and gas production from unconsolidated reservoirs. In predicting the onset of sand production, it is important to accurately determine the sand production mechanisms and the contributing parameters. The aim of this study was to determine sand production mechanism in an oil reservoir, identify the major contributing parameters and evaluate their effects on sanding. Sand failure mechanisms and contributing parameters were identified. The results showed that cohesive stress is the predominant sand failure mechanism. Sand strength, grains movement, shear and tensile strengths impact sand production too.
Sand production is a major issue during oil and gas production from unconsolidated reservoirs. In predicting the onset of sand production, it is important to accurately determine the sand production mechanisms and the contributing parameters. The aim of this study was to determine sand production mechanism in an oil reservoir, identify the major contributing parameters and evaluate their effects on sanding. Sand failure mechanisms and contributing parameters were identified. The results showed that cohesive stress is the predominant sand failure mechanism. Sand strength, grains movement, shear and tensile strengths impact sand production too.
[EnergyPoster6]
Effect of Gas Injection on Reservoir Fluid Properties of a Fractured Oil Reservoir Maryam.
Dehghani
1 ;
1National Iranian South Oil Company (NISOC) - National Iranian Oil Company (NIOC), Omidieh, Iran (Islamic Republic of Iran);
Paper Id: 28
[Abstract] This paper presents results of a study conducted to evaluate changes in oil properties of an oilfield due to gas injection and their effects on production from this field while under gas injection. In this work, effects of gas injection on reservoir fluid phase behavior of a fractured oil reservoir have been investigated. For this purpose, first, the properties of primary reservoir fluid have been studied. Then, by using software, a suitable equation of state for prediction the behavior of reservoir fluid was selected. Then, properties of current reservoir fluid which were achieved by PVT tests have been studied. Phase behavior of current reservoir fluid was compared with phase behavior of primary reservoir fluid. It was found that phase behavior of reservoir fluid has been changed due to gas injection into this reservoir. After evaluating oil properties of this field, we describe how these properties affect reservoir quality and EOR strategy.
[EnergyPoster7]
Low Cost Printed Sensors for the Energy Industry Sustainability Marissa.
Morales Rodriguez
1 ;
1Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, United States;
Paper Id: 76
[Abstract] There is a growing need for low cost, time sensitive and real time monitoring of cyber, physical and chemical parameters for health and fault monitoring of the electrical grid assets and its environment. Current technologies dont offer the capability to access data remotely, on a timely manner and cost effectively. Advancement in additive manufacturing and printed electronics technologies are growing fast, taking the 3D printing industry rapidly from prototyping to manufacturing. Here, we present low cost manufacturing using printed electronics of sensors, mobile and fixed, to provide ground truth in an industrial environment. Such sensors can be operated wireless and provide continuous real time data and information to make decision about the state of the system under interrogation. Printed sensors technologies combined with decision making algorithms can provide a cost effective solution to the sustainability of the energy industry and its integration of the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT).
[EnergyPoster8]
Management and Saving of the Electricity in Household in Kosovo - A Case Study Mehmet.
Qelaj
1 ; Justina.
Shiroka Pula
2 ; Violeta.
Nushi
2 ; Musa.
Rizaj
2 ;
1Ministry of Economic Development, Prishtina, Kosovo;
2University of Prishtina ''Hasan Prishtina'', Prishtina, Kosovo;
Paper Id: 130
[Abstract] The main objective of this research paper is to find the best ways for electricity saving, based on the energy efficiency measurements and alternative heating solutions. Several energy efficiency methods have been analyzed such as lighting types to be used, alternative heating solutions beside electricity (thermal energy, wood, liquefied petroleum gas, coal, pellets, etc.), house isolation and biomass.The highlighted benefits are the preservation of high comfort in the residential spaces and decreasing electricity bills. The recommendations and conclusions for reducing the energy costs and usage are given based on the energy efficiency measurements (MEE) and calculations.
[EnergyPoster9]
Cybersecurity Implications for Sustainable Energy Production Peter.
Fuhr
1 ;
1Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, United States;
Paper Id: 332
[Abstract] Systems used throughout the energy delivery system supply chain incorporate a wide range of automation network designs. This ranges from the control systems used in extraction, processing storage and delivery of all manners of energy production. Similarly, energy management systems used in production apply advanced sensing and measurement technologies along with companion open- and closed-loop control systems implemented through ladder logic executed on programmable logic controllers (PLCs) and associated computational engines. Operational efficiency of the system itself incorporates a communications network tying these (sometimes quite sophisticated) network elements. The need to update the hardware/software/firmware that constitutes this modern system may provide a pathway for malware to enter into the system perhaps via the cellular or IT network remote access connectivity. This presentation will review current (circa 2017) control system designs used in sustainable energy production, processing and transport, highlight potential cybersecurity vulnerabilities, and present DarkNet a U.S. Department of Energy funded activity that is designed to significantly reduce the cybersecurity vulnerabilities within the energy delivery system supply chain.
[EnergyPoster10]
Gasification of Coal Dust in Filtration Combustion Mode Eugene.
Salgansky
1 ; Andrey.
Zaichenko
1 ; Dmitry.
Podlesnyy
1 ;
1IPCP RAS, Chernogolovka, Russian Federation;
Paper Id: 375
[Abstract] Gasifiers of dense layer, working in filtration combustion mode with superadiabatic heating, allow the use of high-ash and high moisture kinds of solid fuels to generate energy with high environmental friendliness and high efficiency of the process. However, the disadvantage of this type of gasifiers is that it is relatively low productivity. The goal of the work is to increase productivity.
In the present study an experimental study of steam-air gasification of coal grades K was carrying out. Laboratory experiments were carried out in a vertical continuous reactor, 66 mm in diameter and 400 mm in length. The experiments were performed on powdered coal with fraction 100-160 microns. In steam-air gasification of coal molar ratio steam/oxygen in the gaseous oxidant was equal to 3. The average consumption of the pulverized fuel in the experiments was 0.3 g/s.
Chromel-alumel thermocouples were used to measure the temperature. The gaseous products composition was analyzed using GC-CRYSTAL 5000 chromatograph.
A new method is proposed for gasification of a powdered fuel in filtration regime with continuous injection of fuel. The fuel is supplied suspended with the flow of oxidant gas, whereas the gas flow filters through a porous bed of large particles making a heat recovery medium. In the course of the experimental studies a principal possibility of pulverized fuel gasification in the fixed bed reactor with production of gaseous products containing up to 25% by volume of syngas was shown. It has been shown that increasing the steam content in the gaseous oxidant leads to combustion temperature reduction, lower carbon monoxide content and increased hydrogen content in the gaseous products. This method also provides means for a substantial enhancement of the specific throughput of a gasifier reactor compared to a vertical packed bed reactor.
[EnergyPoster11]
Nonuniformity of Filtration Combustion Front of Multicomponent Fuel Mixtures Dmitry.
Podlesnyy
1 ; Eugene.
Salgansky
1 ; Andrey.
Zaichenko
1 ;
1IPCP RAS, Chernogolovka, Russian Federation;
Paper Id: 376
[Abstract] Upon studying the processes of filtration combustion in a porous system containing a solid fuel and a porous incombustible material with forced filtration of a gaseous oxidant, there are a number of cases where the appearance and development of an instability of the combustion front can be observed. One of the reasons for the instability of the plane combustion front is a violation of the homogeneity of the gaseous oxidant filtration due to the burning out of the fuel from the initial mixture. The instability can also be determined by the difference in the filtration properties of the starting materials and solid combustion products.
One way to stabilize the combustion front is to use an inclined rotating reactor. The type of reactor used allows the merits of rotating furnaces (in particular, mixing of raw materials) to be combined with the advantages of filtration combustion in a dense layer - effective heat recovery in the combustion zone and, as a consequence, high process efficiency. In an inclined rotating reactor the combustion process can be stabilized by suppressing the instabilities of the flat combustion front by mixing the material. In this connection, the work is devoted to an experimental study of the stability of the filtration combustion front for a carbon-containing solid fuel in an inclined rotating reactor.
Thus, experimental studies of multicomponent fuel mixtures combustion have been carried out at different inclinations of the reactor, and the boundaries of the steady flow of the process for each of the angles were determined, depending on the percentage of the fine fraction, with a fuel content of 50%. The boundaries of the steady flow of the process were determined depending on the percentage of the fine fraction, the fuel content in the mixture being 30, 50 and 70% with the angle of inclination of the reactor of 45 degrees.
[EnergyPoster12]
Conversion of Liquid Combustible Wastes in the Filtration Combustion Mode with Divided Input of Reagents Under Conditions of a Moving Layer of an Inert Coolant Andrey.
Zaichenko
1 ; Dmitry.
Podlesnyy
1 ; Eugene.
Salgansky
1 ;
1IPCP RAS, Chernogolovka, Russian Federation;
Paper Id: 377
[Abstract] There exists in the world a large number of various types of liquid combustible wastes that are concentrated, and among which are spent organic solvents and various combustible-lubricating materials. When they are stored for a long time or improperly destroyed, very dangerous substances form from an ecological point of view.
A new method of combustion/conversion of liquid combustible wastes is proposed in the filtration mode, when one of the reagents (liquid fuel or oxidizer gas) is supplied from the end of the reactor filled with a porous incombustible backfill (inert) and the other into the middle part. In this case, the inert, charged to the upper part of the reactor at room temperature, is heated in counter-current combustion products. At discharging of inert from the lower part of the reactor (and the equal volume is simultaneously added to the upper part, so that the bed in the reactor is kept constant), the inert heated in the upper part enters the lower part, where it gives heat to the gaseous reagent supplied from below.
Thus, the inert is first discharged from the reactor in the cool condition, and the gaseous reactant is then supplied to the reaction zone at a high temperature. This procedure makes it possible to carry out the reaction with heat recovery, when the physical heat of the gaseous products is given off during the heat exchange of the porous material, and it heats the reactant supplied from the end of the reactor.
| SESSION:CompositePoster | 5th Intl. Symp. on Composite, Ceramic and Nano Materials Processing, Characterization and Applications |
| | Room: Condesa Foyer |
| Poster Session | 22-26 Oct, 2017 |
[CompositePoster1]
Modification of Pattern Visibility in MTO/Ag/ MTO/ SiO2 / TiO2 Multilayer Film Deposited on PET Film Guneik.
Jang
1 ; Sangmoo.
Yoon
1 ;
1Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea (Republic of [South] Korea);
Paper Id: 307
[Abstract] A hybrid structure of Mn doped SnO2 (MTO)/Ag/ Mn doped SnO2 (MTO)/SiO2/TiO2 was deposited on PET substrate by sequential RF/DC magnetron sputtering at room temperature. Optical and electrical properties were systematically investigated as a function of SiO2 thickness. In order to estimate the optical characteristics and compare them with experimental results in advance, the simulation program named EMP (Essential Macleod Program) was adopted. EMP simulation results suggested that a multilayered film of MTO (40 nm)/Ag (10 nm)/MTO (40 nm))/SiO2 (120 nm)/TiO2(10 nm) exhibited the highest visible transmittance of 86.4 % at 550 nm, whereas experimentally measured transmittance showed 85.1 % for MTO (40 nm)/Ag (10 nm)/MTO (40 nm))/SiO2 (90 nm)/TiO2(10 nm), somewhat lower than simulation data. X-ray diffraction patterns of the prepared SnO2 multi-layered films were found to have a typical amorphous phase. Measured film thickness was about 190 nm. The lowest Rs was about 7.4 /sq, acquired at the multi-layers with the structure of MTO (40 nm)/Ag (10 nm)/ MTO (40 nm)/ SiO2 (90 nm)/TiO2(10 nm). In addition, the sheet resistance and resistivity of MTO/Ag/MTO/SiO2/TiO2 multi layer films little changed with increasing the thickness of SiO2 layer from 10 to 120 nm. It was shown that the TC values of MTO/Ag/MTO/SiO2/TiO2 multi layer film were in the range of 28.2 C 40.6 A 10-3 C1.
[CompositePoster2]
Synthesis and Structural Characterization of Silver Nanoparticles (Ag NPs) for Joint Pain Formulation Application Akbar.
Ali
1 ; Umer.
Balil
2 ; Nasir.
Mehboob
2 ; Mukhtar.
Ahmad
1 ; Ghazanfar.
Abbas
1 ; Hammad.
Aziz
3 ; Muhammad Junaid.
Amjad
4 ;
1comsats lahore, lahroe, Pakistan;
2Riphah university Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan;
3Comsats lahore., Lahore, Pakistan;
4comsats lahore, Lahore, Pakistan;
Paper Id: 333
[Abstract] Synthesis and structural characterization of acetaminophen loaded silver nano particles for joint pain Formulation applications were investigated. Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) were synthesized by chemical reduction method. The above mentioned synthesized materials were characterized by applying scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction, UV-VI Spectroscopy for confirmation of morphological analysis, compositional purity, crystalline property, emission and free drug which is present in supernatant characteristics as well. In order to Open ended tube method is used to determine the drug release efficiency of acetaminophen loaded silver nano particles. A suspension of silver nano particle is prepared by mixing AGNPS in water. Then 10 mg, 20mg, 30mg, 40mg, 50mg, and 60mg of acetaminophen is accurately measured and mixed in 100 ml of AGNPS suspension. The mixture of acetaminophen and silver nano particle is incubated for 24 hours under the string. The resulting mixture is centrifuged at 10000 rpm for 60 minutes. Pallets thus obtained are redispersed in water for further characterizations. Free drug present in supernatant is measured by UV-VI Sspetroscopy.
