Nanopore electrochemistry refers to the promising measurement science based on elaborate pore structures, which offers a well-defined geometric confined space to adopt and characterize single entities by electrochemical technology.^1-3 The electrochemical confined effect within the nanopore displays the incredible ability to achieve single entity discrimination by focusing energy (e.g. electrochemical, light energies and et al.) into small areas, converting the intrinsic properties of single entities into visible electrochemical read-outs with ultra-high temporal-spatial resolution. Furthermore, the excellent resolution of confined nanopore technology also permits the possibility to resolve the transient signals for further revealing the information of single biomolecules dynamics. The chemical controlled confinement inside nanopore provides the advanced electrochemically confined effects to convert the transient single molecule difference into the enhancing signal with high temporal-spatial resolution. In our group, the nanopore electrochemistry has been further applied into disease diagnostics by identifying rare sub-populations, DNA/protein sensing by reading the sequential differences and uncovering the fundamental chemical reactions pathways by revealing the hidden intermediates.