Water, as an omnipresent substance, plays a vital role in many aspects of our lives, ranging from sustaining living organisms to driving technological advancements. The exploration of organic reactions in water or the utilization of natural water as a reactant has attracted significant attention due to their advantages, including unique reaction performance, environmental friendliness, and reduction of harmful wastes. In this talk, the recent research progress on new polymerization approaches involving water and monomers containing triple-bond functionalities such as diyne, isocyanides, and bromoalkynes will be introduced. Furthermore,several click polymerization methods in aqueous media will be discussed. The “on water” effect facilitates polymerization in aqueous media more effectively than in conventional organic solvents. Additionally, many luminogens possessing aggregation-induced emission and natural characteristics (BioAIEgens) are developed in a water system. The synthesized polymers, small molecules, and BioAIEgens show unique characteristics and functions such as aggregation-induced emission (AIE), clusteroluminescence, bio-imaging ability, and stimuli-responsive response. With the aim of exploring polymerizations on/in water, we hope this talk could provide insight into polymerizations of water and triple-bond based monomers, as well as the preparation of functional materials under mild reaction conditions or through the utilization of water.