ORAL

SESSION: AdvancedMaterialsThuAM-R6	Marquis International Symposium on New and Advanced Materials and Technologies for Energy, Environment and Sustainable Development(3rd Intl Symp. on New and Advanced Materials and Technologies for Energy, Environment and Sustainable Development)
Thu Oct, 26 2017	Room: Condesa IA
Session Chairs: Nikoloz Chikhradze; Fernando Castro; Session Monitor: TBA

11:30: [AdvancedMaterialsThuAM02]
Advantages, Challenges and Opportunities of Wind Power Systems
Fernand Marquis¹ ; Nikoloz Chikhradze² ; A.g. Mamalis³ ; ¹San Diego State University, Department of Mechanical Engineering, San Diego, United States; ²LEPL Grigol Tsulukidze Mining Institute/Georgian Technical University, Tbilisi, Georgia; ³Demokritos National Center for Scientific Research, Athens, Greece;
Paper Id: 82 [Abstract]

The wind power available on the Earth atmosphere is much larger then the current world power consumption. Its potential on land and near shore is believe to exceed 72 TW. This is equivalent to 54 millions of tons of oil per year, or over five times the total combined world power from all sources. In addition, wind power is clean and renewable without any form of emissions or residues and it does not involve the depletion of any form of fuel. The growth in new capacity has exceeded 30 percent over the last five years and is expected to continue and/or exceed this trend for many years to come. This means that the wind power industry is currently experiencing a very rapid development stage but is far from reaching its mature stage. Wind power systems have many advantages, although currently experience significant challenges and considerable opportunities with an extraordinary potential for a major power source and considerable contributions to sustainable development. The potential negative environmental impacts are very few but not in depth such as noise and potential disturbance in landscape, fauna and flora. Advances in power grid characteristics and recharging technology have been and are expected to continue to be considerable enablers. This paper discusses typical advantages, challenges and opportunities in mechanical and materials design and manufacture with particular focus on the potential of nano materials and hybrid materials for application in new environments and geographic locations both land and offshore-based.

SESSION: AdvancedMaterialsWedAM-R7	Marquis International Symposium on New and Advanced Materials and Technologies for Energy, Environment and Sustainable Development(3rd Intl Symp. on New and Advanced Materials and Technologies for Energy, Environment and Sustainable Development)
Wed Oct, 25 2017	Room: Condesa IB
Session Chairs: Amr Henni; William Proud; Session Monitor: TBA

11:30: [AdvancedMaterialsWedAM02]
Dynamic Impact Factor During Test of Cylindrical Shape Sample Under Shock Load
Levan Japaridze¹ ; Nikoloz Chikhradze² ; Fernand Marquis³ ; ¹LEPL Grigol Tsulukidze Mining Institute, Tbilisi, Georgia; ²LEPL Grigol Tsulukidze Mining Institute/Georgian Technical University, Tbilisi, Georgia; ³San Diego State University, Department of Mechanical Engineering, San Diego, United States;
Paper Id: 66 [Abstract]

The fundamentals challenges of shock loading impact are known as complex nonlinear problems with variable contact conditions. Even the simplified solution of these problems often bring in essential mathematical complexity. Therefore, and in practice we often use simplified analytical approaches to resolve engineering challenges even in not so sophisticated conditions. It is demonstrated that the static and dynamic contact forces in the interaction of solid bodies are reciprocally proportional and therefore it is possible to calculate the structure under impact loads using static methods and then the external forces, internal stresses and deformations, determined in such a way, are multiplied by the appropriate dynamic impact factor (DIF) for adequate model calculations. This is important for the design and applications in Defense, where the parameters of assessment of the impact resistance of solid materials and structural elements are understood as the ratio of the maximum dynamic to average static load. However, the DIF is taken by some authors also as ratio of the dynamic to static strength of the material and are often reported as a function of the strain rate. The tensile as well as shear strength are key material parameters in the analysis of structures under these conditions. They are generally determined using either a direct tensile test or an indirect splitting tensile test setup. Both tests are simple in concept, but have proven quite complicated to run in such a way that reliable results, independent of specimen and platens size, shapes, and boundary conditions, are often difficult to obtain. The indirect tensile testing method, known as the Brazilian Test, developed by Carneiro and Barcellos, has found widespread application because of its practical convenience for determining the static and dynamic tensile strength of materials. The Brazilian test has been reviewed and investigated by numerous scientists. However ever since the development of this method scientists have been interested in answering questions such as: why and when samples are not split along the loading diameter, as to the basic idea of the Brazilian test, but at some distance away from it; and how and why does the Brazilian test overestimate the tensile strength of these materials? In this paper we suggest formulas for the dynamic impact factor for Cylindrical Specimen applying the Standard Test Method for Splitting Strength of samples on the drop hammer facility and using the Split Hopkinson Pressure bar. The DIF for the application of dynamic compressive tests under impact load, using a hammer falling on the steel ball placed at the center of the top surface of cylindrical specimen are also considered. The DIF here is understood as the ratio of maximum dynamic load, internal stress and displacement from falling body related to the static load, stress and deformation, caused by the action of the weight of this body. The fundamental static challenges are solved by appling elasticity theory methods, and the analytical solutions are compared to the results of numerical modeling, conducted by "Rocksciense" under the Fase 2 program. These results show adequate agreement.

SESSION: AdvancedMaterialsWedAM-R7	Marquis International Symposium on New and Advanced Materials and Technologies for Energy, Environment and Sustainable Development(3rd Intl Symp. on New and Advanced Materials and Technologies for Energy, Environment and Sustainable Development)
Wed Oct, 25 2017	Room: Condesa IB
Session Chairs: Amr Henni; William Proud; Session Monitor: TBA

12:30: [AdvancedMaterialsWedAM04] Invited
New Technology for the Integrated Treatment of Industrial and Landfills Waste Water Using Iron and Aluminum Oxides Nanopowders
Mykola Monastyrov¹ ; Tetiana Prikhna² ; Gennadiy Kochetov³ ; Petro Talanchuk¹ ; Bernd Halbedel⁴ ; Aleksey Vasiliev⁴ ; Michael Eisterer⁴ ; Fernand Marquis⁵ ; ¹Open International University of Human Development "Ukraine", Kiev, Ukraine; ²Institute for Superhard Materials of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine; ³Kiev National University of Building and Construction, Kiev, Ukraine; ⁴, , ; ⁵San Diego State University, Department of Mechanical Engineering, San Diego, United States;
Paper Id: 324 [Abstract]

The development of new and advanced methods for industrial wastewater treatment, combined with the intensification and operation of energy/resource efficient equipment for treatment processes, made possible their application to industrial water recycle plants and to produce commercial products from waste flows. An energy efficient process is proposed for the synthesis of new highly efficient sorbents - magnetic nano-powders (5 - 500 nm) of polyvalent iron oxides, aluminium oxides by electro erosion dispersion of iron/low-alloyed steel or aluminum granules, or chips with metal evaporation in plasma and further condensation in a working liquid. The nano-powders produced are efficient sorbents for wastewater contaminants— particularly ions of heavy and alkaline-earth (radioactive) metals—and will be used for comprehensive treatment of liquid industrial effluents, including wastewater and exhausted technological solutions. The advantages of the treatments by the nano-sorbents prepared on-line include their high activity, a high degree of removal of heavy metals ions from liquids, while the resulting sediments may be reliably utilised. The method is environmentally friendly, generates no technological wastewater discharges and air emissions, has low expenditure of energy, and requires comparatively small amount of sorbents.

SESSION: AdvancedMaterialsWedPM-R7	Marquis International Symposium on New and Advanced Materials and Technologies for Energy, Environment and Sustainable Development(3rd Intl Symp. on New and Advanced Materials and Technologies for Energy, Environment and Sustainable Development)
Wed Oct, 25 2017	Room: Condesa IB
Session Chairs: Fernand Marquis; Tetiana Prikhna; Session Monitor: TBA

14:30: [AdvancedMaterialsWedPM05] Keynote
The Main Stages of Development of Thermoelectricity in Ilia Vekua Sukhumi Institute of Physics and Technology
Guram Bokuchava¹ ; Fernand Marquis² ; Boris Shirokov³ ; Karlo Barbakadze⁴ ; Giorgi Darsavelidze⁵ ; ¹Ilia Vekua Sukhumi Institute of Physics and Technology, Tbilisi, Georgia; ²San Diego State University, Department of Mechanical Engineering, San Diego, United States; ³National Science Center �Kharkiv Institute of Physics and Technology, Kharkiv, Ukraine; ⁴Ilia Vekua Sukhumi Institute of Physics and Technology, Tbilisi123, Georgia; ⁵, Tbilisi, Georgia;
Paper Id: 148 [Abstract]

The stages of research, development and manufacturing of thermoelectric generators, at the Ilia Vekua Sukhumi Institute of Physics and Technology, for various applications are presented and discussed in this paper. Analytical and experimental research carried out at SIPT at the end of the 1950s revealed great prospects for manufacturing highly efficient thermoelectric generators for nuclear power plant (NPP) of terrestrial and space applications. In 1964, a thermoelectric generator was created in SIPT for the world's first NPP "Romashka". In 1965, single-cascade thermoelectric generator “BUK” and in 1969 two-cascade TEG “BUK” of the operation capacity of 2.8 kilowatts were developed and created at the Institute. From the beginning of 2000, intense work has been renewed at the Institute on the development of new high temperature thermoelectric materials and plants based on SiGe. The effect of reactor radiation on the thermoelectric characteristics of SiGe alloys and other materials was analyzed. Boron carbide of p-type and Si0,7Ge0,3 of n-type were selected for developing high temperature radiation resistant materials of thermoelectric elements. Currently new thermoelectric generators are being developed base on relatively inexpensive SiGe alloys, containing 5-10at%Ge.

SESSION: AdvancedMaterialsWedAM-R7	Marquis International Symposium on New and Advanced Materials and Technologies for Energy, Environment and Sustainable Development(3rd Intl Symp. on New and Advanced Materials and Technologies for Energy, Environment and Sustainable Development)
Wed Oct, 25 2017	Room: Condesa IB
Session Chairs: Amr Henni; William Proud; Session Monitor: TBA

15:00: [AdvancedMaterialsWedAM06] Invited
Lightweight Ti,Nb-Al-C MAX Phases-based Materials: Preparation, Structure, and Properties
Tetiana Prikhna¹ ; Vladimir Sverdun¹ ; Orest Ostash² ; Andriy Ivasyshyn² ; Myroslav Karpets¹ ; Thierry Cabioc'h³ ; Lucyna Jaworska⁴ ; Patrick Chartier³ ; Viktor Moshchil¹ ; Jolanta Cyboroń⁴ ; Tetiana Zimych¹ ; Alexandra Starostina¹ ;⁰ ; Fernand Marquis⁵ ; Andrzej Kalinka⁶ ; Andrzej Kalinka⁶ ; Sergey Dub⁶ ; Anatoliy Kostornov⁶ ;⁰ ;⁰ ; ¹Institute for Superhard Materials of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine; ²Karpenko Physical-Mechanical Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Lviv, Ukraine; ³Universite de Poitiers, CNRS/Laboratoire PHYMAT, Chasseneuil Futuroscope Cedex, France; ⁴The Institute of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Krakow, Poland; ⁵San Diego State University, Department of Mechanical Engineering, San Diego, United States; ⁶, , ;
Paper Id: 323 [Abstract]

This paper presents and discusses the interrelations between preparation, structure, and properties of Ti–Al–C MAX-phases-based materials of the 211 and 312 structural types, and materials based on (Ti, Nb)–Al–C solid solution of the 312 type. The materials were prepared in vacuum under 1.6×10-3 Pа, by pressureless synthesis in argon under 0.1 MPa, hot pressing under 30 MPa, and high temperature–high pressure sintering at 2 GPa. The materials structure was investigated using X-ray with Rietveld refinement, SEM and Auger spectroscopy. The physical and mechanical properties: hardness, fracture toughness, bending and compressive strength, Young modulus, logarithmic decrement of damping oscillations, friction coefficient, strength stability in hydrogen at 600 oC, long-term oxidation resistance in air at 600 oC, 1000 h, stability in radiation environment and electrical resistivity were measured. These properties make these materials very promising as interconnectionion material for hydrogen fuel cells, damping and current collector materials, polishing powders for jewelry stones, and many other applications.

SESSION: AdvancedMaterialsMonAM-R8	Marquis International Symposium on New and Advanced Materials and Technologies for Energy, Environment and Sustainable Development(3rd Intl Symp. on New and Advanced Materials and Technologies for Energy, Environment and Sustainable Development)
Mon Oct, 23 2017	Room: Maria Luisa & Maria Fernanda
Session Chairs: Sandeep Thakare; Parvez Alam; Session Monitor: TBA

15:00: [AdvancedMaterialsMonAM06]
Fiber Reinforced Composites on the Base of Epoxy-polysulfide Matrix for Wind Energy Systems
Nikoloz Chikhradze¹ ; Fernand Marquis² ; Guram Abashidze³ ; ¹LEPL Grigol Tsulukidze Mining Institute/Georgian Technical University, Tbilisi, Georgia; ²San Diego State University, Department of Mechanical Engineering, San Diego, United States; ³G. Tsulukidze Mining Institute, Tbilisi, Georgia;
Paper Id: 58 [Abstract]

To date, one of the major tasks in effective energy is to increase the wind energy's share in the world energy balances. It is expected that, by 2020, this share will be increased up to 12%. In the energy supply of rural and remote regions, the small wind energy systems can play a very important role. In order to further enable this ecologically-friendly type of energy, which is mainly focused on private customers, the energy efficiency of wind turbines needs to increase, and the cost of production of stable energy, needs to decrease, even at moderate winds. In order to achieve these goals, we propose a new material for the manufacture of turbine blades, where the reinforcing is achieved by hybrid structures containing carbon, basalt and other type of fibers. In addition, we propose modified epoxy resins to be used as matrix, containing amplifying fillers with a high modulus of elasticity in the form of ultra-dispersive powders. This presentation demonstrates the physical, mechanical and deformation characteristics of new material, as well as the results of its testing in atmospheric conditions (dry climate zone, subtropical type). The proposed time extrapolation of a wind turbine in atmospheric conditions estimated for 35 years, causes the reduction of the coefficient of operating condition of composites being considered in present work up to 0.70 °C 0.85.

SESSION: AdvancedMaterialsTueAM-R8	Marquis International Symposium on New and Advanced Materials and Technologies for Energy, Environment and Sustainable Development(3rd Intl Symp. on New and Advanced Materials and Technologies for Energy, Environment and Sustainable Development)
Tue Oct, 24 2017	Room: Maria Luisa & Maria Fernanda
Session Chairs: Nikoloz Chikhradze; Session Monitor: TBA

11:00: [AdvancedMaterialsTueAM01]
Synthesis and Mechanical Alloying of Ti-Al-B-C Powders
Mikheil Chikhradze¹ ; Fernand Marquis² ; Nikoloz Chikhradze³ ; ¹Georgian Technical University, Tb ilisi, Georgia; ²San Diego State University, Department of Mechanical Engineering, San Diego, United States; ³LEPL Grigol Tsulukidze Mining Institute/Georgian Technical University, Tbilisi, Georgia;
Paper Id: 74 [Abstract]

Composites, fabricated in Ti-Al-B-C systems are characterized by unique physical and mechanical properties. They are attractive for aerospace, power engineering, machine, and chemical applications. In addition, aluminum matrix composites (AMCs) have great potential as structural materials due to their excellent physical, mechanical, and tribology properties. The coarse crystalline Ti, Al, C powders and amorphous B were used as precursors. Blends with different compositions of Ti, Al and C were prepared. Determination and selection of blend compositions were made on the base of phase diagrams. The powders were mixed according the selected ratios of components to produce the blend. Blends were processed in high energetic “Fritsch” Planetary premium line ball mill for homogenization, mechanical alloying, syntheses of new phases, and ultrafine particles formation. The blends’ processing time was variable and fluctuated between 1 to 10 hours. The optimal technological regimes of blend preparation were determined experimentally. Ball milled blends were investigated in order to determine properties after milling and mechanical alloying. Ultrafine bland were consolidated using explosive compaction technology. The paper also includes: the peculiarities of the milling process; shock compaction of compositions described above; optimal technological parameters for dry mechanical alloying, explosive compaction, and formation of bulk ultrafine-grained composites; and synthesis of new phases.